“973”加密观测期间合肥地区不同类型暴雨的特征分析  

ANALYZING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEAVY RAINFALL IN HEFEI DURING THE "973" INTENSIVE OBSERVING PERIOD

作　　者：郑媛媛[1] 刘勇[1] 朱红芳[1] 阮征[2] 吴林林[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省气象台,安徽合肥230061 [2]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2008年第4期404-410,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：安徽省“十五”科技攻关项目“安徽暴雨形成机理和定时、定点、定量预报技术研究”;科技部我国南方致洪暴雨监测与预测的理论和方法研究“2004CB418306”;安徽省十一五科技攻关项目“06013140B”;中国气象局新技术推广项目“CMATG2007M35”;安徽省局项目“淮河流域强对流天气监测预警研究”共同资助

摘　　要：利用"973"加密观测期间的地面、探空资料和双多普勒雷达同步观测等非常规资料全面分析了2002年合肥地区出现的两场不同类型暴雨过程的环流背景、物理量垂直分布结构和多普勒雷达回波强度和速度特征。结果表明:冷式切变和暖式切变两种不同类型暴雨首先在物理量垂直分布结构十分相似,低层辐合、高层辐散,低层正涡度、高层负涡度,水汽水平辐合的最大值在850hPa,只是在上下层配置和强度上有所差异,特别水汽通量散度场表现突出,暖式切变更有利于水汽辐合。另外多普勒雷达径向速度特征存在一定的差异,多普勒雷达VWP产品能实时监测暴雨过程中风的垂直切变,有助于提高单站暴雨的预报水平。Intensively observed data, such as surface data, sounding data and dual-Doppler data, which were obtained during the ＂973＂ intensive observing period in 2002, were used to analyze two types of heavy rain processes that occurred in Hefei, Anhui Province. Two examples in the background circulation were analyzed in terms of the vertical structure of physical quantities, characteristics of dual-Doppler base reflectivity and velocity. The result shows the followings. First, the cold shear is very similar to the warm shear type of heavy rainfall in vertical structure of the physical quantities, in that the maximum value of water vapor horizontal convergence is at 850hPa, low-level convergence goes with upper-level divergence, and positive vorticity at low level pairs with negative vorticity at upper level, though with some differences in the allocation and intensity between low and upper levels, which is especially obvious in the water vapor flux. Warm shear is more favorable for the convergence of water vapor. Besides, the Doppler radar echoes characteristics had some differences. The VWP products could be used to monitor the real-time changes of vertical wind shear during heavy rains. And they are also useful in improving the capability of single-station heavy rainfall forecast.

关 键 词：冷式切变 暖式切变 多普勒雷达 垂直风廓线 

分 类 号：P426.62[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]