陕北黄土丘陵区威胁窑洞民居的地质灾害问题--以陕西延安地区为例  

Geohazards threatening cave dwellings in loess hilly areas of northern Shaanxi, China

作　　者：黄玉华[1] 张睿[1] 王佳运[1] 武文英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地质通报》2008年第8期1223-1229,共7页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局国土资源调查项目(编号:1212010814023);国家科技支撑项目(编号:2006Bac04b00)资助。

摘　　要：窑洞是陕北黄土丘陵区民居的一种主要形式。在介绍区内窑洞的类型和分布的基础上,阐述了滑坡、崩塌、塌窑、窑洞透水等主要窑洞民居地质灾害的发育特征。从沟谷发育期、斜坡结构类型、地形特征等方面分析了窑洞灾害形成的主要原因,认为黄土的工程地质特性是灾害发育的物质基础,人类工程活动和降雨是灾害形成的主要诱发因素。最后从窑洞的选址、斜坡的设计、窑洞的防水等几个方面提出了灾害的防治措施。The cave is one of the major forms of dwellings in loess hilly areas of northern Shaanxi. Based on the type and distribution of the loess caves in the study area, this paper discusses the development characteristics of geohazards threatening the main cave dwellings such as landslides, collapses, cave dwelling collapses and cave flooding. The main causes for forming cave hazard were analyzed in aspects of the phases of valley development, structural types of slopes and topographic features. The authors think that the engineering geological properties of loess are the material basis of geohazard development and that human engineering activities and precipitation are the main factors inducing the occurrence of hazards. Finally, the geohazard prevention and control measures are put forward from the selection of cave location, slope design and waterproof of caves.

关 键 词：陕北黄土丘陵区 窑洞民居 地质灾害 防治措施 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]