马克思实践本体论新诠  

A New Explanation to Marx's Practical Ontology

作　　者：何中华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《学术月刊》2008年第8期37-45,共9页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：马克思通过发现劳动力这一特殊商品的独特性质(即创造能力),揭开了剩余价值的秘密。同样地,他通过发现特殊的经验事实(即实践),奠定了新世界观的本体论基础,从而揭开了一切可能的在者之在的谜底。马克思批判了超验性的神学的和思辨哲学的含义,重建其哲学意义。在他的语境中,超验性被诠释为实践本身对世界的实然状态的实际超越。在马克思那里,世界不是在人们将其当作"对象"的直观中,而是在人们将其当作"活动"中"是其所是"的。只有在实践的生成和建构活动中,"现→象"才能在本质与存在的统一中呈显人的本真状态。实践的开启性,既是现象学的(即"现→象"),又是辩证法的(即内在地隐含着"正→反→合"三一式结构)。它们的内在根据均源自实践这一终极的原初基础。Marx reveals the secret of surplus value by discovering a unique feature （i. e. , creativity） of a unique commodity, i. e. , the productive force. Similarly, he has laid a foundation for the ontology of a new world view through discovering the special fact of experience （i. e. , praxis）, thus to reveal the answer to the riddle of the being of all possible existence. Marx criticizes the meanings of transcendental theology and didactic philosophy, and re-construct its philosophical meaning. In his context, transcendence is explained as a realistic transcendence of praxis itself over the real condition of the world. For Marx, the world is not existed in people＇s direct view taking it as an ＂object＂, but as ＂being what is being＂ when taking it as an ＂activity＂.

关 键 词：马克思 实践本体论 超验性 现象学 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]