冲积河流河岸冲刷展宽的力学机理及模拟  

Scouring mechanism and simulation methods of alluvial rivers

作　　者：王党伟[1] 余明辉[1] 刘晓芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2008年第4期14-19,共6页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(编号:2007CB714106);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:10772137)

摘　　要：描述了冲积河流河岸冲刷展宽的力学现象,分别针对非粘性土、粘性土及混合土二元结构3种不同类型的土质河岸,归纳分析了影响河岸冲刷展宽的3类主要因素的力学作用机理,即近岸水流冲刷力、河岸土体抗冲力以及河岸崩塌时的土体临界抗剪强度.另外,还简要分析了采用经验方法、极值假说方法模拟河岸冲刷时存在的诸多局限与不足,着重阐述了不同类型土质的河岸冲刷展宽的水动力学-土力学的模拟方法,并对该领域研究工作的方向及其应用作了进一步的展望.The phenomena of river bank scouring are described. Three main factors of river bank scouring are expounded including erosion capacity of flow, resistance of erosion, resistance of shearing aiming at three different kinds of riverbanks, including noncohesive riverbank, cohesive riverbank and admixture riverbank from mechanical perspective. The limitations of simulation method for erosion on river banks based on empirical formula and extremum assumption are analyzed. The hydrodynamic-soil-mechanic method for different soils is mainly expounded; and the research direction and application of this field are mentioned.

关 键 词：冲刷机理 模拟方法 非粘性土河岸 粘性土河岸 二元结构河岸 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]