长期施肥对晋西北农田硝态氮累积与分布的影响  

Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Distribution and Accumulation of NO_3^--N in Agricultural Land in Northwestern Shanxi Province

作　　者：黄学芳[1] 池宝亮[1] 张冬梅[1] 张健[1] 王改兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心,山西太原030031 [2]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《华北农学报》2008年第4期204-207,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD29B04);山西省科技攻关项目(2006031040-1)

摘　　要：在19年长期定位施肥试验的基础上,研究了施肥后NO3--N在晋西北土壤中的残留效应,结果表明:单施低量有机肥后,NO3--N不会在土壤中累积,在土壤剖面的分布呈直线型;其他施肥处理都造成了NO3--N在土壤中的累积,且呈倒"S"型分布,在20~80,140~200 cm土层出现了2个NO3--N累积层,在80~140 cm土层形成了NO3--N累积的低值区域。单施氮肥大幅度提高了NO3--N的累积量,配施磷肥后,可显著减少NO3--N在土壤中的累积;配施低量有机肥后,NO3--N的累积量基本上与单施氮肥处理持平;配施高量有机肥后,加重了NO3--N在土壤中的累积。Residue of NO3^--N in soil by fertilizer application under site-specific fertilization experiment about 19 years in Northwestern Shanxi Province was carried out. Results showned： NO3^--N wasn＇t accumulate in the soil with low organic fertilizer application, and appear linear type in soil profile distribution.＂S＂ type was appeared of NO3 ^- -N accumulation in soil under other fertilizer treatments. Two NO3^ - -N accumulation layer were shown in 20 - 80 and 140 - 200 cm, and formed NO3^ --N lower accumulation area in 80- 140 cm. Nitrogen fertilizer improved NO3 ^--N accumulation on a large scale. However, combined phosphorus fertilization reduced NO3- -N accumulation significantly; accumulation of NO3 ^--N was about the same as application of nitrogen fertilizer combined with low amount fertilizer; accumulation of NO3^ - -N in soil rised with application of high amount of organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：长期施肥 晋西北 硝态氮 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]