野生及不同用途菊花的同工酶分析  

Isozyme analysis of wild species and cultivars with different uses in Dendranthema grandiflorum

作　　者：丁玲[1] 陈发棣[1] 滕年军[1] 房伟民[1] 赵静媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2008年第3期37-42,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30400308);上海市农委重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2006)第4-3号]

摘　　要：采用过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(EST)2个酶系统的12个同工酶位点,对2个野生菊共10个居群及40个不同用途菊花品种进行了同工酶分析。结果表明:1)野生菊、药用菊、食用菊和观赏菊之间的遗传变异丰富,遗传多样性最高的是观赏菊,其有效等位基因数、多态位点比例、预期杂合度和Shannon指数分别是1.654 4、91.67%、0.372 1和0.525 7;遗传多样性最低的是野生菊,4个指标分别是1.389 4、50.00%、0.228 2和0.316 6。2)基于遗传距离的UPGMA聚类图将供试材料按不同用途聚类,聚类结果和遗传多样性指标都表明,菊花进化顺序为野生菊→药用菊→食用菊→观赏菊。3)食用菊品种‘宝辛唐衣锦’和‘精兴夕映’具有品种特异的同工酶酶谱POD-2的E带,而观赏菊品种‘绿水青山’和‘木兰换装’具有品种特异的同工酶酶谱EST-6的O带,这些特异酶带可以从生化水平为品种鉴定和保护提供证据。The genetic diversity of 2 wild species with 10 populations and 40 cultivars with different uses in Dendranthema grandiflorum was investigated using peroxidase （POD） and esterase （EST） isozyme, and 12 loci were obtained. The genetic variation of materials used in the study was very wide and the ornamental cultivars had the highest genetic variation among these types and cultivars, The values of mean effective number of alleles per locus, rate of polymorphic loci, mean expected heterozygosity and Shannon＇s infonuation index in ornamemal cultivars were 1. 654 4, 91.67% , O. 372 1 and O. 525 7, respectively, while the wild species had the lowest genetic variation and the corresponding data were 1. 389 4, 50.00% , 0.228 2 and 0,316 6, respectively. The 10 populations and40 cultivars were clustersd together using UPGMA based on their different practical uses, and these cultivars with the same use possessed the similar genetic characteristics. Both the UPGMA and the genetic diversity indexes showed that the evolution ranking among these species and cultivars were from wild species to the medicinal type and then the edible and lastly the ornamental type. Cultivars of ＇ Baoxintangyijin＇ and ＇ Jingxingxiying＇ had the specific bands （ e.g. the band E of POD-2）, while the ornamental cultivars of ＇ Ltishuiqingshan＇ and ＇ Mulanhuanzhuang＇ had the specific bands （ e.g. the band O of EST- 6）. These specific bands can be used as cultivar identification and protection on biochemical levels.

关 键 词：菊花 过氧化物酶 酯酶 遗传多样性 进化 

分 类 号：Q946.5[生物学—植物学]