云南省制盐企业职业病危害因素分析  

Analysis of the Occupational Hazards in Salt-producing Enterprise of Yunnan Province

作　　者：吕宗荣[1] 张国荣[1] 蒋笃强[1] 邢漪[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2008年第4期401-402,404,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]明确制盐企业存在的职业病危害因素,为制盐企业提供职业病防制对策。[方法]选择3家不同生产模式企业为调查对象,对生产原料成分、生产工艺等进行现场职业卫生调查并对职业病危害物质(盐尘、矿石尘、煤尘、噪声、高温、其他尘、砂轮尘、矽尘和电焊尘等)进行现场采样检测。[结果]3家企业盐尘、煤尘和矿石尘浓度和噪声强度超过国家卫生标准,噪声强度最大值分别是100.7、101.9和103.1 dB(A);盐尘浓度最大超标倍数分别是49.5、11.8和3.3倍;煤尘浓度最大超标倍数分别是7.4、10.7和2.1倍;部分制盐岗位还属于高温作业,高温作业分级分别为Ⅰ级、Ⅲ级和Ⅰ级。[结论]盐尘、矿石尘、煤尘、噪声和高温是制盐企业的主要职业病危害因素;其他尘、砂轮尘、矽尘和电焊尘等是次要职业病危害因素。[ Objective ] To define the occupational hazards which exist in salt-producing enterprise and to offer occupational diseases preventing countermeasure to them. [ Methods ] The raw material and technique of salt producing were investigated by means of on spot occupational health research. Occupational hazard materials such as salt dust, coal dust, ore dust, grinding wheel dust and welding fume, etc. as well as noise and hot work environment in the workplace were sampled and analyzed. [ Results ] The concentration of salt dust （ particles not otherwise regulated ）, coal dust, ore dust （ particles not otherwise regulated ） and noise in the workplace are higher than national occupational standard： the noise maximum levels were 100.7, 101.9 and 103.1 dB（ A ）, the maximum concentrations of salt dust（ particles not otherwise regulated ）were 49.5, 11.8 and 3.3 times exceeded the standard, the maximum concentrations of coal dust were 7.4, 10.7 and 2.1 times exceeded the standard. Some salt-producing posts were in hot environment, they belonged to hot environment work Grade Ⅰ and Grade Ⅲ. [ Conclusion ] Salt dust, coal dust, ore dust, noise and hot environmental work are the main occupational hazards in salt-producing enterprises, particles not otherwise regulated, grinding wheel dust and welding fume, etc. are the secondary occupational hazards.

关 键 词：制盐企业 职业病 危害因素 

分 类 号：R134.9[医药卫生—劳动卫生]