沈北/大庆减压渣油生产微晶蜡工艺研究(Ⅰ)——微晶蜡的制备与结构表征  

STUDY ON MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX PRODUCTION FROM SHENBEI-DAQING VACUUM RESIDUE(Ⅰ)——PREPARATION AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX

作　　者：刘荣江[1] 许志明[1] 祁国栋[1] 赵锁奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学重质油国家重点实验室

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2008年第8期10-14,共5页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：为探索沈北/大庆减压渣油生产微晶蜡的可行性,利用超临界萃取分馏技术,对沈北/大庆减压渣油进行了分离与评价。亚临界及超临界条件下得到的窄馏分的各种性质均表现出较好的规律性,但亚临界条件下得到对应收率的馏分蜡含量更高,选择性更好。对沈北/大庆减压渣油进行了亚临界丙烷萃取分馏,以窄馏分为原料,通过溶剂精制、溶剂脱蜡制得微晶蜡.对微晶蜡的碳数分布、平均分子结构进行了测定与表征。由沈北/大庆减压渣油可以制备75～95号微晶蜡,微晶蜡潜含量约为10%;微晶蜡的平均碳数分布在57～110,氢碳原子比在1.90～2.02;微晶蜡组成以长链异构烷烃为主,由中间馏分制得的微晶蜡含有少量环烷烃结构,芳香环结构只出现在由重馏分制得的微晶蜡中,并且只有一个芳香环。In order to probe the feasibility to produce microcrystalline wax, Shenbei-Daqing vacuum residue was separated and characterized by supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation technique （SFEF）. The properties of narrow fractions obtained under subcritical conditions and supercritical conditions exhibited good regularities. The selectivity under subcritical condition with higher wax content excelled that of supercritical condition. The fractions under subcritical conditions was higher in wax and improved in selectivity. The Shenbei-Daqing vacuum residue was separated into a series of fractions by subcritical propane extraction and fractionation. The microcrystalline wax was obtained from narrow fractions by solvent refining and dewaxing. The carbon number distribution, average molecular weight and average structure of microcrystalline wax were characterized. A series of microcrystalline waxes can be produced from Shenbei-Daqing vacuum residue with total yield around 10%. The average carbon numbers of microcrystalline wax range from 57 to 110, and H/C atom ratio is from 1.90 to 2.02. The dominative hydrocarbons are isoparaffins with longer chains. A little amount of cycloalkanes are present in the wax from the middle fractions. The aromatic hydrocarbons with only one ring appear in the wax from heavy fractions.

关 键 词：减压渣油 微晶蜡 制备 组成 结构 

分 类 号：TE624.55[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]