相似台风“泰利”和“桑美”的数值模拟和对比分析  

Numerical Simulation and Comparative Analysis of Typhoons Talim and Saomei

作　　者：陈丽芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省杭州市气象局,杭州310008

出　　处：《气象科技》2008年第3期262-267,共6页Meteorological Science and Technology

摘　　要：结合客观分析、常规探空和地面观测资料、中尺度自动站资料以及数值模拟资料,探讨两个相似台风"泰利"和"桑美"的风雨差异的成因。"泰利"北上时与西风槽结合,形成稳定的"北槽南涡"的天气形势;"桑美"北上时其北侧存在高压坝,并且强度增强,不利于环流云系的发散。"泰利"过程有弱冷空气从边界层向南渗透;"桑美"过程中低层没有冷空气活动。地面风场上,"泰利"在杭州湾以北太湖以南存在东风和东北风的辐合线;"桑美"则存在东风和东南风的辐散。"泰利"过程中,浙北处在能量锋区南侧的高能区内,存在中尺度锋生,处于弱不稳定状态,有利于能量的积累和强对流的促发;"桑美"过程中,浙北处在能量锋区北侧的低能带内,并且层结非常稳定。相似台风造成的风雨影响可能差别很大,需根据具体的天气形势、边界层内冷空气活动情况、地面风场辐合线,以及能量锋区和稳定度等方面做进一步判断。Typhoon Talim is very similar to ＂Saomai, ＂ but the influence that it caused differs greatly after typhoons landed. In combination with the objective analysis, conventional observation, surface radiosonde, mesoscale automatic weather station and numerical simulation data, the formation mechanisms of the differences in precipitation and wind fields of the two typhoons are studied. When Talim landed and moved northward, along with the westerly trough, a stabilized synoptic pattern, in which there was a deep tough in the middle troposphere in the north and a southwest vortex in the lower troposphere in the south, came into being, with weak cold air infiltrating southward in the boundary layer. When Saomai landed and moved northward, there was a high-pressure ＂dam＂ in north without cold air activity. For Talim, the high energy area was situated in the north of Zhejiang, and there was meso-frontogenesis and weak instability. For Saomai, the low-energy area was in the north of Zhejiang, and the atmosphere was quite stable. It is concluded that similar typhoons may produce greatly different influences.

关 键 词：台风 数值模拟 台风风雨差异 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] O151.21[理学—数学]