不同土地利用方式对湘中丘陵区土壤质量的影响  

Effects of Land Use Types on Soil Quality of the Hilly Area in Central Hunan Province

作　　者：尹刚强[1] 田大伦[1] 方晰[1] 洪瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生态研究室

出　　处：《林业科学》2008年第8期9-15,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：科技部基础条件平台建设项目(20070822);科技部公益性研究项目(2007415);国家林业局项目(2007R23、200508);湖南省重点实验室(06FJ3083、2007FJ4046);湖南省教育厅项目(06C923);中南林业科技大学引进高层次人才科研启动基金项目;中南林业科技大学青年基金项目(05044B);2006年度湖南省普通高校青年骨干教师培养对象项目资助

摘　　要：对湘中丘陵区7种典型土地利用方式(次生林、经济林、杉木人工林、苗圃地、坡耕地、采伐迹地、弃耕地)的表层(0～15cm)土壤性状进行比较分析,筛选出土壤密度、pH值、有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量作为土壤质量评价指标,运用土壤质量综合指数和土壤退化指数评价不同土地利用方式的土壤质量水平及退化程度。结果表明:7种不同土地利用方式之间,表层土壤密度、pH值、有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量均表现为差异显著;7种土地利用方式的土壤质量综合指数表现为次生林(95.35%)>经济林(73.83%)>采伐迹地(64.41%)>杉木人工林(62.61%)>弃耕地(56.30%)>坡耕地(27.35%)>苗圃地(4.84%),土壤退化指数表现为次生林(0)>经济林(-9.90%)>采伐迹地(-14.35%)>杉木人工林(-14.96%)>弃耕地(-22.22%)>坡耕地(-32.16%)>苗圃地(-40.44%),土壤退化指数与土壤质量综合指数评价结果一致,表明土壤退化指数和土壤质量综合指数均能有效地评价不同土地利用方式的土壤质量。Topsoil （0 - 15 cm） properties of seven typical land use types （secondary forest-lands, economic forest-lands, Chinese Fir plantations lands, nursery garden-lands, slope farm lands, deforested-lands and abandoned lands） were studied in the hilly area of central Hunan Province. Soil density, pH, organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, total potassium content, hydrolyzed nitrogen content, available phosphorus content and available potassium content were selected as soil quality indicators. The soil quality levels and the degradation extent were evaluated by the integrated soil quality index and soil degradation index. The results showed that different land use types displayed significant difference in the soil density and chemical properties in the top soil. The soil quality integrated indexes were ranked as follows： secondary forest lands （95.35%） 〉 economic forest-lands （73.83%） 〉 deforested-lands （64.41%） 〉 Chinese Fir plantation lands （62.61%） 〉 abandoned lands （56.30%） 〉 slope farm lands （27.35 % ） 〉 nursery （4.84 % ） , and the indices of soil degradation were ranked as follows： the secondary forest lands （0） 〉 the economic forest-lands （ - 9.90% ） 〉 the deforested-lands（ - 14.35% ） 〉 the Chinese Fir plantation lands（ - 14.96% ） 〉 the abandoned lands（ - 22.22% ） 〉 the slope farm lands（ - 32.16% ） 〉 nursery （ - 40.44% ） . The consistency of evaluation results of the integrated soil quality index and soil degradation index showed that both methods were efficient in evaluating the soil quality levels under different land use types.

关 键 词：土地利用方式 土壤性状 土壤质量 土壤退化 湘中丘陵区 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学] F301.24[农业科学—农业基础科学]