常州市狂犬病危险因素1:4病例对照研究  

1:4 Case-control Studies on the Risk Factors of Rabies in Changzhou City

作　　者：林琴[1] 郝超[1] 张建陶[1] 姚杏娟[1] 史太平[1] 曹淦[1] 卞琛[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏常州213003

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（医学版）》2008年第4期573-575,共3页Suzhou University Journal of Medical Science

摘　　要：目的研究常州市狂犬病的流行特征及相关危险因素。方法以常州市2003年至2007年27例狂犬病病例为研究对象,采用1∶4配比的方法,选取与病例组性别相同,年龄±2岁并具有同源暴露史的健康存活者为对照组,用多因素条件Logistic模型分析影响狂犬病的危险因素。结果动物主动伤人(OR=5.148,95%CI:0.357～79.787)、中度以上伤口(OR=4.810,95%CI:0.347～67.950)、伤口处理不及时(OR=4.480,95%CI:0.298～43.003)、未接种狂犬病疫苗(OR=63.960,95%CI:3.987～110.761)等因素与狂犬病的发生成正相关。结论未接种狂犬病疫苗、伤口未进行正规处理、大面积深度伤口、伤口位置靠近中枢神经是动物伤后狂犬病发生的危险因素。加强狂犬病预防的健康教育、动物致伤暴露后伤口正规处理、狂犬病疫苗接种等防治措施,可控制和减少狂犬病的发生。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and the risk factors of rabies in Changzhou. Methods To select 27 rabies cases in Changzhou city from 2003 to 2007. The healthy survivors who had been hurt by the same way were regarded as the controls. The comparison, sex and age are same to the rabies cases, conditional Logistic regression analysis was adopted. Results The occurrence of rabies was positively correlated to the animal＇s initiative attack （OR =5.148,95% CI：0.357-79.787）, deep and broad wound （OR =4.810,95% CI：0.347-67.950）, wound without disposal in time（OR=4.480,95%CI：0.298-43.003）,and non-injecting vaccine（OR=63. 960,95%CI：3.987-110.761）and so on. Conclusion The relative risk factors of rabies are deep and broad wound, animal＇s initiative attack, wound without disposal in time and non-injecting vac- cine and so on. The effective measures of preventing and controlling rabies are health education, normal wound disposal and prompt anti-rabies vaccinations in Changzhou.

关 键 词：狂犬病 流行现状 条件LOGISTIC 危险因素 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]