驯养经济动物养殖及种群遗传多样性的研究方法  

Economic Domesticated Animal Breeding and Genetic Diversity of Population Research Methods

作　　者：刘长青[1] 包阿东[1] 刘帅[1] 吴宏梅[1] 陆涛峰[1] 张洪海[2] 唐学玺[1] 关伟军[1] 马月辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 [2]曲阜师范大学研究生处,曲阜273165

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2008年第8期52-56,共5页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家“863”计划项目(2006AA10Z198,2007AA10Z170)

摘　　要：我国貉、银狐、北极狐、水貂、梅花鹿等野生动物养殖作为一项新兴的产业已成为建设新农村新的经济增长点,但是无论是野外资源的保护成效,还是人工驯养繁殖业的发展状况以及野生动物及其产品的经营利用秩序与社会需要和客观要求相比,还存在着相当大的差距。与野外环境中的种群比较,圈养种群是进行遗传学研究的最好的模型对象,对于研究野生种群近交与群体灭绝间的关系是非常合适的材料。目前国内外对于驯养经济动物与野生种群遗传多样性的研究主要集中于线粒体DNA、核糖体DNA、微卫星分子标记及主要组织相容性复合体等几个方面。作者针对目前国内外尤其是国内有关驯养经济动物养殖现状及其与野生种群形态、遗传多样性差异几个重要研究技术方面的研究进行了详细的论述和探讨,旨在通过利用我国养殖的野生小种群遗传学特性,为珍稀野生动物种群保护遗传学研究及加快国内经济动物养殖提供理论支持。In China,wild animals breeding has been the new rural construction of the new point of economic growth,such as racoon Dog,silver fox,Arctic fox,mink,deer and other wild animals.However,both the effectiveness of the protection of wild resources and the development of artificial breeding as well as the operation of order and social needs and the objective requirement,there is still a considerable gap.The domesticated population genetics research is the best model for studying wild populations inbreeding.Now,the genetic diversity research between domesticated population and wild population focused on mitochondrial DNA, ribosomal DNA, mierosatellite markers and the major histocompatibility complex, Access to a large number of this year of relevant researches, we discussed breeding status of wild animals, the difference of morphology and genetic diversity, and it was aimed to supply a theoretical support for rare wild animals genetics research and wild animal breeding.

关 键 词：野生动物 驯养经济动物 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]