试论乾隆以后清朝对西北边疆少数民族的贸易政策  

The Trade Policies of the Ethnic Minorities in the Northwest Frontier Areas of China during the Qing Dynasty after the Reign of Emperor Qian Long

作　　者：牛海桢[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃联合大学文学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州商学院学报》2008年第4期42-48,共7页Journal of Lanzhou Commercial College

基　　金：国家社科基金"明清中央政府与蒙藏民族地区政治互动策略研究"(05BZS007)系列成果之一

摘　　要：清朝时期西北边疆地区农业经济与牧业经济之间天然的互相依赖性使各民族和地区之间的商业贸易显得十分重要。清政府在商业贸易方面,主要是尽可能地动用国家机器职能,实行商业贸易垄断,控制与哈萨克、布鲁特之间的绢马贸易和茶马贸易,以之作为控制、羁縻少数民族的手段。对民间商人所从事的各民族之间的直接民间经济交往的贸易,尽量予以限制,以达到最终稳定社会的目的,这种贸易限制政策直接影响到了西北边疆地区的经济发展。The natural dependence between the agriculture economy and animal husbandry economy in the northwest frontier areas of China during the Qing Dynasty made the commerce and trade between all peoples and regions important. In the commercial trade, Qing government mainly used the state machinery functions to monopolize commercial trade, to control the teahorse trade and silk -horse trade between the Kazakhstan and Bulut, by this method to control minorities. To restrict the direct civil economic exchanges among all the nations which carried out by the civil businessmen as far as possible, in order to achieve the ultimate aim of maintaining social stability. This trade - restrictive policy affects the northwest border region＇s economic development directly.

关 键 词：乾隆朝 西北边疆 少数民族 贸易政策 

分 类 号：F729[经济管理—产业经济]