应用原子力显微镜观察家兔动脉粥样硬化形成中主动脉内皮细胞超微结构的变化  

Changes of ultrastructures of aortic endothelial cells with atherogenesis in rabbit observed by atomic force microscope

作　　者：何玉辉[1] 刘惠亮[2] 魏玉杰[2] 纪小龙[3] 尹彤[3] 

机构地区：[1]武警湖南总队医院心内科,湖南长沙410006 [2]武警总医院心血管病介入中心,北京100039 [3]武警总医院纳米医学研究所,北京100039

出　　处：《新乡医学院学报》2008年第5期458-461,共4页Journal of Xinxiang Medical University

摘　　要：目的观察实验性家兔动脉粥样硬化（AS）形成过程中主动脉内皮细胞超微结构的变化特点，并探讨利用原子力显微镜观察AS形成中表面形态变化的可行性。方法雄性新西兰纯种白兔56只，分为对照组（予普通饮食，再分为4个亚组，每亚组6只）和模型组（予高脂饮食，再分为4个亚组，每亚组8只），分别于实验的2周、4周、6周、8周末测定血浆总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL—C）、甘油三酯（TG）的浓度，然后处死各亚组家兔，并用原子力显微镜对主动脉中段标本进行扫描成像和分析。结果对照组血浆TC、TG、LDL—C实验前后无明显变化（P〉0．05）；而模型组血浆TC、TG、LDL—C在2、4、6、8周末均较实验前明显升高（P〈0．05），且均高于对照组（P〈0．05）；原子力显微镜扫描可显示主动脉内皮细胞及其表面纳米级别的超微结构，对照组内皮细胞呈椭圆或长梭形，其排列与血管长轴平行，平均大小为11．96μm×3．72μm，高约3．34μm，细胞表面可见许多大小相似颗粒状物质，呈圆形或椭圆形，其直径70～90nm，高度9～15nm；细胞表面粗糙度为（87．24±4．46）nm。模型组内皮细胞及表面颗粒状结构的形态、大小、排列等随AS进展发生动态变化，模型组内皮细胞粗糙度明显高于同期对照组（P〈0．05）。结论AS形成过程中主动脉内皮细胞超微结构发生了明显动态变化，原子力显微镜可以为AS形成提供形态学的可靠依据。Objective To investigate the changes of ultrastructures of aortic endothelial cells with atherosclerosis （AS） in rabbits and to explore the feasibility of observing morphological changes with atomic force microscope. Methods Fifty-six male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups ： control group （ fed general diet, they were further divided into 4 sub-groups, n = 6 ） and model group （ fed diet containing 1% cholesterol, they were further divided into 4 sub-groups, n = 8）. At the end of the 2^nd, 4^th, 6^th and 8^th week post-diet, the concentration of total cholesterol （ TC ） , low density lipoprotein （LDL）, triglyceride（TG） were detected, Then killed the rabbits, scanned and analyzed the midpiece of aorta with atomic force microscope. Results The concentration of TC, LDL, TG of control group had no obvious changes before and after experiment （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The concentration of TC, LDL, TG of model group at the end of the 2^nd ,4^th ,6^th and 8^th week was higher than pre-experiment （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and they all were higher than control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The aortic endothelial cells and nanometer-scale structure on their surface could be observed with the atomic force microscope. In control group, it showed that endothelial cells were either ellipsoidal or long fusiform in shape and aligned parallel with blood vessel. Their average size was 11.96 μm × 3.72 μm, and the height was 3.34 μm. Many similar granular structures on cell surface were showed whose diameter were about 70 -90 nm and height was 9 - 15 nm. The surface roughness of vascular endethelium cell was （87.24 ±4.46） nm. In model group the ventricular endothelial cells and their granular structures changed over time in shape, size and alignment. Their surface roughness also was increased when compared with those of control group in the same time. Conclusion It suggests that ultrastructures of aortic endothelial cells changes dynamicly during the processes of atherogenesis. Aotomic

关 键 词：动脉粥样硬化 内皮细胞 原子力显微镜 

分 类 号：R543.5[医药卫生—心血管疾病]