阿拉善高原频发沙尘暴因素分析  

Analysis on Frequently Occurrence of Dust Storm in the Alxa Plateau

作　　者：姚正毅[1] 王涛[1] 杨经培[2] 朱开文 周俐[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区早区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟气象局,阿拉善左旗750300

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2008年第9期54-61,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(批准号:40472144)资助

摘　　要：阿拉善高原是几条强冷空气的主要交汇处，冷空气活动频繁，干旱荒漠区风的作用十分强烈，年大风日数西北部多达50～100d，东南部较少，也达15—30d。阿拉善高原上的尘源物质丰富，有流动沙丘79928km^2，半固定沙丘13113km^2粉粒含量在1．18％～2．00％。阿拉善高原有11个干旱湖盆，总面积达10581．3km^2。粉粒平均含量达到63．08％。人类活动对沙尘暴加强作用主要表现在三个方面：不合理用水导致湖泊萎缩，形成干旱湖盆；破坏地表植被及十体结构；采矿业增加工业粉尘。Based on meteorological data and silt content of surface soil, the reasons for frequent occurrence of dust storm in the Alxa Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that the Alxa Plateau stands at the junction of three winter monsoon paths and has strong wind in winter and spring. The windy days is 50 - 100d in the northwest and 15 -30d in the southeast of the Alxa Plateau. The Alxa Plateau is in rich of dust source - silt. There are 79928 km^2 migrating dunes and 13113km^2 semi -migrating dunes in the Alxa Plateau, and their silt content is between 1.18% and 2.00%. There are 11 dried lake basins in the Alxa Plateau and total area is 10581.3km^2. The average silt content of these dried lake basins is 63.08%. The strengthen action of human activities are mainly exhibited in three aspects： lake shrinkage and forming dried lake basins resulting from irrationality using water at upper and middle basin ; destroy of surface vegetation and soil structure ; increase of industry powder by growth of mining.

关 键 词：阿拉善高原 频发 沙尘暴 尘源物质 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]