近50年黄河流域降水变化的时空特征  

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL CHANGES IN PRECIPITATION IN THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN IN THE LAST 50 YEARS

作　　者：庞爱萍[1] 李春晖[1] 杨志峰[1] 郑小康[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第4期420-423,F0002,共5页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50709002);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2006CB403303)

摘　　要：基于827个降水监测站1951——1998年的逐月监测数据,利用GIS空间分析功能,计算分析黄河流域降水量近50年的时空变化.先重点研究了1951——1998年期间典型降水等值线200、400和800 mm的空间移动情况,结果表明:黄河流域黄土高原一带干旱化趋势十分明显,典型降水等值线南移.然后对1951—1979和1980—1998年前后2个时段黄河流域年、汛期和非汛期降水量空间变化分别进行分析,发现黄河流域降水减少幅度最大的区域在黄土高原大部和黄河下游,但是在黄河源头、伊洛河流域、汾河源头及其下游等则呈增加趋势,而且汛期降水量与非汛期降水量的变化趋势在空间上并不完全一致.Spatial and temporal features in precipitation in the Yellow River Basin was analyzed with GIS technology, with precipitation data from 827 gauge stations from 1951--1998. Spatial changes in 200, 400 and 800 mm precipitation contours were made, which showed precipitation contours moving toward the north and drought in the Loess plateau region. Spatial change contours in flood season, non-flood season and annual precipitation between 1951--1979 and 1980--1998 were made, which showed increased precipitation in most region of the Loess plateau. Downstream region showed decreased precipitation, whereas headstream region of the Yellow River, Yiluohe basin, headstream region and downstream region of the Fenhe basin showed a trend for increase. Fluctuation seen with precipitation were not exactly identical for flood season, non-flood season and annual precipitation.

关 键 词：降水 时空变化 典型等值线 黄河流域 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] S157[农业科学—土壤学]