公共服务场所器械消毒与乙型肝炎病毒污染现况调查  

Study on the Status of Sanitizing and HBV Contamination of Appliances Used in the Public Service Places

作　　者：陈园生[1] 周玉清[1] 王晓军[1] 陈长[2] 李放军[2] 王富珍[1] 曾绍长[3] 赵建海[4] 谢晋尧[5] 崔富强[1] 龚晓红[1] 郑徽[1] 夏伟[1] 孙莲英[3] 张永基 肖娜[5] 胡苑笙[4] 吴振华[1] 曹玲生[1] 梁晓峰[1] 胡俊峰[6] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,长沙410005 [3]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海口570203 [4]青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁810007 [5]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518081 [6]中国疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,北京100011

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2008年第4期315-318,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心控制病毒性肝炎项目

摘　　要：目的了解公共服务场所器械的消毒方式和乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒污染现况。方法分层随机选择美容院、美发店、理发店、洗浴中心63家,对682名工作人员开展问卷调查。用放射免疫方法检测公共服务场所器械表面乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)。结果公共场所器械的主要消毒方式为酒精擦拭和紫外线消毒,分别占34.60%和30.79%。公共场所器械HBsAg检出率为2.13%,大、中、小型公共场所器械检出率分别为0.63%、2.67%、3.70%,大、小型公共场所器械HBsAg检出率的差异有显著的统计学意义(χ2=6.68,P<0.05)。美容院、理发店和洗脚店器械HBsAg检出率分别为2.97%、0.61%和3.42%;不同器械HBsAg检出率不同,暗疮针和镊子检出率较高,分别为5.13%和4.17%。刀具HBsAg检出率主要集中于修脚刀6.11%(8/131)、剃刀3.17%(2/63)、剪刀0.52%(1/193)。不同服务类型用的刀具HBsAg检出率不同,其中洗脚店用刀具检出率最高(8.33%)。结论应加大公共场所器械的消毒管理,规范正确的消毒方法;同时还应加强公众健康教育,提高乙肝防治知识,增强公众法律监督意识。Objective-To used in the public service know the status about sanitizing and HBV contamination of appliances places. Methods 63 beauty parlors,footbathing inns,haircutting inns and bathing centers were selected by stratified randomization sampling,682 workers were investigated by questionnaire. The HBsAg in the appliances of the public service places was detected by RIA. Results There were two main sanitizing modes that were alcohol cleaning（34. 60%）and ultraviolet light disinfection（30.79 %）. The testing rate of HBsAg with the appliances of the public service places was 2.13%. The testing rate of HBsAg in large-, medium- and small-sized appliances was 0.63% ,2. 67% and 3.70% respectively. The postive rate of HBsAg among large-,medium- and small-sized appliances has statistic different（x^2 =6.68,P〈0. 05=. The testing rate of HBsAg among the appliances of beauty parlors,barbering shops and footbath inns were 2.97%, 0.61% and 3.42% respectively. Different appliances had different rate of HBsAg, such as thd rate of HBsAg among the acne needle and the forceps were 5.13% and 4.17%. And the HBsAg positiv ally on knives, was on pedicure knives（8/131 =6.11%）, shaves（2/63=3.17%）and scissors （1/193=0.52%） ;The testing rate of HBsAg on the knives used in the beauty parlors,the footbathing inns and the haircutting inns were different,the rate is highest（8.33%）in the footbathing inns. Conclusions It is important to enhance the sanitizing management of the appliances used in the public service places and improve workers the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice （KAP） of Hepatitis B vaccination. We should promote the pubic health education to enhance the knowledge of control and prevention of Hepa titis B and build up the supervision consciousness.

关 键 词：乙型病毒性肝炎 公共场所 乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原 乙型肝炎病毒污染 

分 类 号：R373.21[医药卫生—病原生物学]