宽幅麦田套种田间小气候效应及对花生生长发育的影响  

Micro-climatic Effects of Intercropped Peanut with Wheat and Its Influence on Peanut Growth and Development

作　　者：郭峰[1] 万书波[1] 王才斌[2] 李新国[1] 孟静静[1] 成波[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院高新技术研究中心 [2]山东省花生研究所

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2008年第3期285-289,共5页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：“十五”国家科技攻关计划(2001BA507A-07);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD21B04-15);山东省农业科学院于年科研基金;山东省农业科学院高技术自主创新基金

摘　　要：通过田间试验,以纯作花生田(PP)为对照,观测分析了麦套花生田(IP)的小气候效应及对花生生长发育的影响。结果表明:(1)套种田地表和花生冠层顶部的光照强度均小于纯作田,分别为纯作田的50%和75%,其差值随花生的生育进程减小。(2)套种田的10 cm地温平均值高于纯作田,冠层顶部的平均温度低于纯作田。(3)套种田表层土壤容重高于纯作田,各层土壤含水量均低于纯作田。(4)套种花生的LAI(叶面积指数)高峰期和峰值分别比纯作花生晚和小,后期仍保持较大的绿叶面积。(5)花生不同器官物质积累速率和积累量存在一定差异,套种花生的生殖生长延迟,生物产量较纯作田低。(6)套种花生的CGR(作物生长率)高峰期和峰值晚于和大于纯作花生,而NAR(净同化率)变化趋势与纯作基本相同,呈持续下降趋势,饱果期的LAD(光合势)高于纯作花生。Micro-climatic effects of the intercropped peanut with wheat（IP） and its influence on peanut growth and development were studied by comparing with pure-grown peanut （ PP）. The results showed that： 1 ） The light intensity at both the soil surface and the top of the canopy in the IP field was less than that in the PP field, which was about 50% and 75% of PP field respectively. However, the differences of the light intensity between IP and PP fields decreased with the growing and development of the peanut. 2） Average ground temperature at 10 cm in the IP field was higher than that in the PP field, while the average temperature at the top of the canopy in the IP field was lower than that in the PP field. 3） The bulk density of the surface soil in the IP field was higher than that in the PP field, while the soil water content at each soil layer in the IP field was lower than that in the PP field. 4） The maximum Leaf Area Index （LAI） by IP was smaller than that by PP, while the time of the maximum LAI reached was later than that by PP. Therefore, the relative greater green leaf areas were hold by the IP at the late growing stages of the peanut. 5 ） The accumulating amounts and rate of the dry-matter were different in different organs between IP and PP. The reproductive growth of the IP was delayed, and total yield of IP was lower than that of PP. 6） The maximum Crop Growth Rate （CGR） by IP was greater than that by PP, however, the time of the maximum CGR reached by IP was later than that by PP. The changes of the Net Assimulation Rate （NAR） both for IP and PP were same and showed a decreased trend. The Leaf Area Duration （LAD） by IP during the pod filling stage was higher than that by PP.

关 键 词：麦套花生 田间小气候 叶面积指数 干重 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]