近50年气候变化对内蒙古典型草原净第一性生产力的影响  

Impacts of Climate Change over last 50 Years on Net Primary Productivity in Typical Steppe of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：云文丽 侯琼 乌兰巴特尔 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古气象科学研究所,呼和浩特010051 [2]内蒙古生态与农业气象中心

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2008年第3期294-297,共4页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30760102);国家社会公益研究专项(2004DIB4J170)

摘　　要：基于典型草原区的锡林浩特气象站1953-2003年的逐月平均温度和降水资料,应用自然植被的净第一性生产力(NPP)模型,计算得到1953-2003年以锡林浩特为代表点的典型草原区净第一性生产力。结果表明:1)利用温度和降水建立的NPP模型在典型草原区模拟结果与实测地上生物量的变化趋势相一致。2)近50 a来,典型草原区植物主要生长季气候的变化特点为:春季明显增温,夏秋季降水减少。但降水和温度的变化对NPP的影响趋势并不明显,而是更多的影响到具体年份的NPP变化,表现在从50年代至今NPP变幅增大。3)对于地处半干旱区的典型草原来讲,影响净第一性生产力的主要气候限制因子为降水量,合理的水热配置最有利于牧草的生长。Based on the data of the monthly average temperature and precipitation from 1953 to 2003 in Xilinhot and applied the model of the net primary productivity （NPP） for the natural vegetation, NPP for the typical steppe taken Xilinhot as a representative region was calculated. The result showed that 1 ） The simulation results of NPP based on temperature and precipitation were consistent with the aboveground biomass measured in the typical steppe. 2） Over last 50 years, the main characteristics of the climate change during the growing season in the typical steppe were with an obvious increase of the temperature in the spring and with a decrease of the precipitation in the summer and autumn. But the changes of the temperature and precipitation had an obvious influence on the annual change of the NPP, rather than on the change tendency of the NPP, which led to an increased range of the NPP changes since 1950s. 3 ） For the typical steppe located in the semi-arid regions, the precipitation was the main limiting factor to the NPP. The rational allocation of water and heat resources would be beneficial to the forage growth in the typical steppe.

关 键 词：气候变化 典型草原 净第一性生产力(NPP) 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]