光纤式输油管道安全预警系统  

Optical fiber pre-warning system for safety of oil pipelines

作　　者：王忠东[1] 闫铁[1] 王宝辉[1] 衣实贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《光学技术》2008年第4期579-582,共4页Optical Technique

基　　金：中国石油天然气总公司中青年创新基金(07e1011);黑龙江省自然科学基金(F200607)

摘　　要：提出了一种基于光时域反射原理(Optical Time Domain Reflectometer,ODTR)和分布式光纤传感器的输油管道泄漏实时监测技术。当输油管道发生泄漏时,光纤所处的温度场发生变化,利用光纤后向拉曼散射的温度效应,通过测量该处的温度变化来判断管道泄漏;当发生人为破坏(盗油)事件时,所产生的振动、压力等扰动信号使在光纤中传输的后向瑞利散射光产生明显的损耗特征,通过测量其光强的变化来检测管道是否受到扰动或破坏。用ODTR技术实现对光纤测量点的定位。实验结果表明,光纤长度5km(可延长),测温范围0～90℃(可扩展),温度测量偏差小于+ 5℃,对扰动外力和温度的定位偏差小于15m。该检测技术可以有效地提高输油管道泄漏监测的水平和油的防盗水平。A real-time monitoring technology for safety and leakage of oil pipeline based on theories of Optical Time Domain Reflectometer（ODTR）and the distributed optical fiber sensor is introduced.As the pipeline leaks,the temperature field around the optical fiber sensor changes.Using the temperature effect of the hackscattered Anti-stokes the temperature is measured and the pipeline leakage is estimated.When there is an accident of factitious destruction（oil-stealing）on the pipeline,the destruction will create vibration and pressure,and will happen the optical signal attenuation of the backscattered Rayleigh through the optical fiber.By measuring the intensity of the Rayleigh,the disturbance and breakage of pipeline are detected.The measuring position is located by ODTR.The experiment results show that the length of single mode fiber is 5kin（expandable）,range of temperature measurement is 0～90℃（expandable）,temperature error is〈＋5〉,location error is〈15m.Therefore the monitoring quality of oil pipelines and anti-stealing oil level may be improved effectively.

关 键 词：ODTR 分布式光纤传感器 泄漏检测 输油管道 

分 类 号：TN929.11[电子电信—通信与信息系统]