秸秆还田和免耕对土壤养分及碳库管理指数的影响研究  

Influence of straw mulching with no-till on soil nutrients and carbon pool management index

作　　者：陈尚洪[1,2] 朱钟麟[1] 刘定辉[1] 舒丽[1,2] 王昌全[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部长江上游农业资源与环境重点开放实验室,四川省农业科学院,四川成都610066 [2]四川农业大学资源环境学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2008年第4期806-809,共4页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家863计划(2002AA2Z4266);国家粮食丰产工程(2004BA520A14C15)资助

摘　　要：在四川盆地两种不同母质的土壤上,通过4年7季作物的田间试验研究了作物秸秆还田对稻田土壤NPK、土壤活性碳（CA）、微生物碳（CMB）、矿化碳（CM）和碳库管理指数（CPMI）的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,秸秆还田免耕和旋耕均可提高土壤全氮、全钾、碱解氮和速效钾,但各个处理间土壤磷素变化没有明显规律性。秸秆还田免耕、旋耕提高了土壤不同形态碳素含量和碳库管理指数;秸秆还田旋耕比秸秆还田免耕更能改善土壤有效碳库质量,CA、CMB、CM和CPMI分别提高4.33%-52.88%、8.69%-86.62%、20.64%-60.79%和18.41%-57.12%。相关性分析表明,运用土壤碳库管理指数表征土壤养份及碳素动态变化比土壤有机碳更具灵敏性。A field experiment, designed for seven crops in four years, was conducted to examine the effect of straw mulching with no-till on soil nitrogen （ N）, phosphorus （P）, potassium （K）, active carbon （ CA ）, microbial carbon （CMB）, mineralized carbon （CM） and carbon pool management index （CPMI） on two soils developed from different parent materials in Sichuan Basin. Results showed that contents of soil organic matter, total N and K, available N and K were increased by straw mulching with no-till or with rotor till, but no clear patterns of change was observed for soil P among different treatments. Contents of all types of soil carbon and CPMI were improved when the straw was retuned to the soil. Straw-mulching with rotor till was superior to straw mulching with no till in improving quality of soil carbon pool, resuiting in an increase of soil CA、C、MB、CM and CPMI by 4.33%-52.88%, 8.69%-86.62%, 20.64%-60.79%and 18.41%-57.12%, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that CPMI may be a better indicator than soil organic matter employed to reflect the dynamic changes of soil nutrients and soil carbon.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 免耕 土壤养分 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]