塔院井水位和水温的同震响应特征及其机理探讨  

Characteristics and Mechanism of Co-seismic Responses in the Tayuan Well

作　　者：孙小龙[1] 刘耀炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地壳应力研究所,北京市德外西三旗100085

出　　处：《中国地震》2008年第2期105-115,共11页Earthquake Research in China

基　　金：基本科研业务专项资金(ZDJ2007-21);地震科学联合基金(A07084)

摘　　要：本文统计分析了塔院井水位与水温对2004年1月至2007年9月全球68次MS7.0以上大震的同震响应资料。分析结果显示塔院井对全球大震具有很好的映震能力,同震响应形态总是表现为水位振荡→水温下降、振荡停止(减弱)→水温恢复。进一步的分析表明,水位与水温的变化幅度不仅与震中距、震级有一定的统计关系,而且还与井-含水层特性及地震波到达时井-含水层系统的瞬时状态密切相关。综合分析了前人对水位振荡、水温下降-恢复过程的机理研究,概括为气体逸出说、热弥散说和冷水下渗说等。分析认为塔院井同震响应现象是各类机理共同作用的结果,单一的机制并不能很好地解释多次地震引起的同震响应现象。Co-seismic responses of water level and temperature in the Tayuan well with 68 earthquakes （Ms ≥7.0） from Jan.2004 to Sep.2007 were analyzed. Result represented that the Tayuan well has the ability of recording earthquake, and co-seismic forms all represented water level oscillation with temperature decrease and the stop of water level oscillation with temperature resumption. Further analyses represented that amplitude of water level and temperature was not only concerned with epicentral distance and magnitude, but also related with temporal stage of aquifer when seismic wave arrived. Mechanisms of water level oscillation with temperature decrease and the stop of water level oscillation with temperature resumption were discussed, and co-seismic mechanisms advanced before were analyzed, such as gas transgress, heat dispersion and cold water seep. Result showed that single mechanism could not explain repetitious earthquakes, it was resulted with joint reasons.

关 键 词：地震 同震响应 水位 水温 机理 塔院井 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]