区分纯根呼吸和根际微生物呼吸的争议  

On Disputation about Partitioning Respiration of Actual Root and Rhizomicrobes

作　　者：金钊[1] 董云社[1] 齐玉春[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

出　　处：《土壤》2008年第4期517-522,共6页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40673067,40501072);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB412503);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所创新三期领域前沿项目“人类活动对区域环境质量的影响、健康风险及环境修复研究”资助

摘　　要：定量区分土壤呼吸各组成成分是评价陆地生态系统地下C平衡和能量平衡的重要基础。目前,国际上有关区分纯根呼吸和根际微生物呼吸出现了较大的争议,争议的焦点集中于根呼吸、根际微生物呼吸和自养呼吸等术语的涵义及区分纯根呼吸和根际微生物呼吸的必要性两个方面。不同研究者对术语理解的差异以及不同研究之间区分方法、研究目的和实验尺度的不同,是争议产生的主要根源。此外,实验技术的不足也增加了区分纯根呼吸和根际微生物呼吸的不确定性。目前,在全球变暖的背景下,地下生态系统C素的分配和流动将发生很多未知变化。根际微系统作为地下生态系统的重要组成部分,其C素流动和微生物区系的变化将对土壤C库及土壤温室气体排放产生深刻影响。纯根呼吸和根际微生物呼吸作为根际微系统中C素分配的两个重要去向,定量区分两者将成为土壤呼吸各组分区分研究的下一个重要内容。Partitioning the autotrophic and heterotrophic components of soil respiration is essential for assessing underground flow of carbon and energy and balance of terrestrial ecosystem. Currently, there is a new issue focusing on partitioning the root-derived C02 efflux from soil （frequently termed rhizosphere respiration） into actual root respiration （respiration by autotrophs） and rhizomicrobial respiration （respiration by heterotrophs）. Although the two components of soil respiration are crucial in determining carbon and energy balances of plants and soils, there is also a big gap among researchers in whether to partition the two components or not. The disagreement concentrates on how to understand the respiration of root and rhizomicrobes and the feasibility of partitioning the two components. The obtained results are often different because of differences in methods, research purposes and experiment scales. Moreover, the limitation of experiment technology also intensifies the disagreement. With the change of global climate, carbon allocation and flow in underground ecosystem will change potentially, and the changes of carbon flow and microbes in the rhizosphere will affect profoundly soil carbon storage and trace gases emission. Therefore, partitioning the respiration of the actual root and the rhizomicrobes will be a key research issue in the future.

关 键 词：纯根呼吸 根际微生物呼吸 自养呼吸 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]