豚鼠变应性鼻炎模型鼻黏膜超微结构的改变  

The Change of Ultrastructure of Nasal Mucosa of Guinea Pigs Model with Allergic Rhinitis

作　　者：吉晓滨[1] 谢景华[1] 柳息洪[2] 臧林泉[3] 邓家德[4] 谢军[3] 王磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省广州市第一人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,广东广州510180 [2]广州医学院电镜室,广东广州510182 [3]中山大学基础医学院药理学教研室,广东广州510080 [4]广东省广州市第一人民医院检验科,广东广州510180

出　　处：《中国临床医学》2008年第4期549-553,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：广东省广州市卫生局中医药中西医结合项目基金资助(2004A011)

摘　　要：目的:探讨豚鼠变应性鼻炎模型鼻黏膜出现的超微结构病理变化。方法:用橄榄油将甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯配成浓度为10%溶液作为致敏剂,滴鼻,建立豚鼠变应性鼻炎模型8例。另8例正常豚鼠作对照。致敏结束、模型成功后,取两组鼻黏膜进行透射电镜观察。结果:透射电镜见①对照组:鼻黏膜上皮细胞结构完整,表面有纤毛,排列整齐,纤毛内微管排列规则、清晰。胞质内细胞器丰富,偶见嗜酸性粒细胞。偶见表面活性物质板层体。②模型组:黏膜上皮破损。杯状细胞破损,纤毛微管结构紊乱,出现复合、短纤毛。微绒毛消失。细胞体积缩小,电子密度增加。核变形、固缩。细胞器退变、空泡化。见大量嗜酸性粒细胞,并见其胞膜破裂,伪足形成,脱颗粒及空泡形成。肥大细胞较多,可见巨噬细胞及浆细胞。血管扩张。浆液腺体旺盛增生。这种形态学的改变与变应性鼻炎的临床表现大致吻合。结论:变应性鼻炎鼻黏膜出现形态学的改变,基本病理是上皮损害,血管扩张和毛细血管内皮细胞连接扩大,组织水肿,浆液腺体增生,嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞等浸润、脱颗粒。Objective：To investigate the pathologic change of ultrastructure of nasal mucosa of guinea pigs model with allergic rhinitis. Methods： Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate was mixed with Florence oil according to which solution concentration was 10%, this solution was applied to drop into the nasal vestibules of animals to induce sensitization process. 8 guinea pigs were prepared as allergic rhinitis at first, and another 8 animals were taken as blank controls. Than, the modeling animals were treated with 10% Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate. The ultrastructure of nasal mucosa of 8 groups with allergic rhinitis and the other 8 controls were observed with the application of transmission electron microscope after model successfully established. Results： Results showed that ①Control group： the structure of epithelial cells of nasal mucosa was intact, and there were even cilia on the surface of nasal mucosa. Microtubules in the cilia were regular and distinct. There were abundant cellular organs in cytoplasm. Eosinophils could be accidentally found. Phospholipids lamellar bodies also could be found in nasal mucosa. ②Modeling group, Mucosal epithelalium were damaged. Goblet cells were damaged. The structure of cilia and its microtubule were disorder. Cilia became compound or short. Microvillus disappeared. The cell bulk shrinked, and its electron density increased. Cell nucleus became deformed, solidified and shrinked. Plenty of Eosinophil appeared with their cellmembrane bursted and their cellmembrane projections increased. Eosinophil＇s eminent cytoplasm vacuolization formed, crystalbid lost, and degranulated tubules formed. Macrophage and plasma cells appeared, but mast cells were more in number. Blood vessels expanded. Serous glands vigorously proliferated. This morphological change was roughly identical to clinical manifestation of allergic rhinitis. Conclusion：Nasal mucosa with allergic rhinitis showed morphological change. The basic pathologic manifestation showed that mucosal epithelalium were damaged, Blood vessel

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 疾病模型 病理学 超微结构 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]