爆炸冲击波对羊肝形态的影响  

Effect of explosive shock wave on histopathological characteristics of goat liver

作　　者：马晓艳[1] 黄晓峰[1] 任东青[2] 尹文[1] 王文勇[3] 王爽[1] 李勇强[1] 于华[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学基础部中心实验室 [2]第四军医大学预防医学系放射医学与防护教研室,甘肃兰州730050 [3]第四军医大学基础部病理学与病理生理学教研室,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《西南国防医药》2008年第5期632-633,F0003,共3页Medical Journal of National Defending Forces in Southwest China

基　　金：全军医药卫生科技"十五"指令性课题(01L070)

摘　　要：目的：观察三硝基甲苯（TNT）炸弹爆炸对肝组织的病理损伤特征，为爆炸伤的临床救治提供依据。方法：将25只健康山羊围绕爆心呈扇形布放于5～30m不同距离处，用电启动引爆TNT致伤动物。严密观察动物伤情，存活至4h的以颈动脉放血方式处死后，解剖观察肝脏组织，用40mg／L多聚甲醛固定制备石蜡标本、HE染色、光镜观察其组织病理改变。结果：距爆心5m处动物全部死亡（2／2），10m处死亡3只（3／5），15m处死亡2只（2／5），20m处死亡1只（1／5），25m和30m处各4只动物无一死亡（0／4）。肝组织的损伤主要是肝细胞空泡样变性、血窦淤血、出血明显；汇管区均有不同程度淤血、出血、炎性细胞浸润及胆管上皮细胞坏死脱落；非即刻死亡动物可出现中性粒细胞浸润。结论：致伤情况与动物分布距离密切相关，距爆心越近，死亡率越高。炸弹爆炸产生的冲击波可造成肝组织明显损伤。Objective： To observe the histopathological characteristics of goat liver after explosive of TNT bomb and provide the experimental basis for clinical therapy of blast injury. Methods： 25 goats were fixed in 5 to 30 m apart from the explosive center. The still live animals were sacrificed by carotid artery blood letting at 4 h after explosion. The liver tissues were removed and fixed in 4% formaldehyde. Sections （5μm） were prepared from paraffin - embedded tissue obtained from all animals and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The histopathological changes were observed with light microscope. Results： In 25 experimental animals, all goats （2/2） died instantly at 5 m apart from the explosive center. 3/5 died at 10 m, 2/5 at 15 m, 1/5 at 20 m, respectively. No animal died at 25 m or 30 m（0/4）. The liver damages were mainly vacuolar change, blood congestion in hepatic sinusoids. The prominent hemorrhage was also found in liver tissues. Blood congestion, hemorrhage and infiltration of inflammatory cells occurred in portal areas. The necrotic epithelial cells of bile duct exfoliated. The infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes was found in portal areas of the animals that did not died immediately. Conclusion：The mortality rate is associated closely with the distance apart from the explosive center. The nearer the goats from explosive center, the higher mortality rate is. The shock wave produced by explosion of the bomb can cause obvious liver damage.

关 键 词：三硝基甲苯炸弹 爆炸 肝 应激 山羊 

分 类 号：R642[医药卫生—外科学]