尖角突脐孢菌粗毒素对稗草生理活性的影响  

Effects of Exserohilum monoceras crude toxin on the physiological activities of Echinochloa crus-galli

作　　者：郑伟[1] 陈勇[1] 崔海兰[2] 张宏军[3] 谭卫军[1] 余特[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学杂草研究室,广州510642 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所杂草害鼠生物学与治理研究室,北京100094 [3]农业部农药检定所,北京100026

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第9期1571-1575,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671381);广东省基金(06300411);华南农业大学校长基金资助项目

摘　　要：以尖角突脐孢菌(Exserohilum monoceras X27)菌株的粗毒素为材料,通过滤纸法、离体叶片法和盆栽喷雾法,测定了粗毒素对稗草萌芽及生长的抑制作用,并测定了2叶期稗草叶片叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量和相对电导率等4项生理指标。结果表明:粗毒素浓度为5g·L-1时,强烈抑制稗草种子的萌芽及胚根胚芽的伸长;4叶期以下稗草的离体叶片全部枯黄;显著影响1、2叶期稗苗的生长,喷施毒素后第7天苗高抑制率均超过20%,第28天地上部分和地下部分鲜质量抑制率均分别超过40%和70%;7d内,2叶期稗叶的上述4项生理指标受到显著影响:叶绿素含量下降、SOD活性升高、MDA含量升高和相对电导率增大。The crude toxin was extracted from Exserohilum monoceras X27, and its effects on the inhibition of seed germination, radical growth, embryo growth, and seedling growth of Echinochloa crus-galli as well as the chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, malondiadehyde （MDA） content, and relative electrical conductivity （EEC） of E. crus-galli leaves at 2nd-leaf stage were studied by the methods of filter paper, detached leaf, and spot-spraying. The results showed that the toxin at 5.0 g · L^-1 strongly inhibited the seed germination, radical growth, and embryo growth, and made the detached leaves before 4th-leaf stage completely dead. The crude toxin also strongly affected the growth of plants at 1 st- and 2nd-leaf stages. On the 7th day after spraying toxin, the inhibition rate of seedling height exceeded 20% ; while on the 28th day, the mass inhibition rate of above- and underground parts exceeded 40% and 70%, respectively. Within the 7 days of spraying the toxin, the chlorophyll content of 2nd-leaf stage plants decreased significantly, while MDA content, SOD activity and EEC were in adverse.

关 键 词：尖角突脐孢菌 粗毒素 稗草 生理活性 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]