缓释肥对水稻生长发育及产量的影响  

Effects of slow-release fertilizer on growth and yield of rice

作　　者：李世发 刘元英[2] 范立春 韩旭 刁婥[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江倍丰农业生产资料集团有限公司,哈尔滨150020 [2]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2008年第7期38-43,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：农业部“948”项目(2003-Z53);科技部农业科技成果转化资(金200GB2B200077)

摘　　要：以优化施肥处理和农民习惯施肥为对照,研究了3种不同水稻缓释肥对水稻生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明,缓释肥3比农民习惯施肥处理分蘖数增加29%,比优化施肥处理增加23%;缓释肥1、缓释肥2处理比农民习惯施肥处理分蘖数增加25%,比优化施肥处理增加18.7%。不同处理的产量顺序为:优化施肥>缓释肥3>缓释肥2>缓释肥1>农民习惯施肥。优化施肥处理的产量分别比缓释肥料1、缓释肥料2和缓释肥料3的产量增加了6.4%、6%和3.7%;缓释肥料1比农民习惯施肥产量增加了8.7%,缓释肥料2比农民习惯施肥产量增加了9.1%,缓释肥料3比农民习惯施肥产量增加了11.3%。试验表明,优化施肥处理肥料可以明显提高水稻群体质量,但施用缓释肥料的处理水稻群体质量较差。3种缓释肥料处理在施肥后的40～50 d释放量较高,这与水稻需肥规律存在一定的差异。Taking optimized fertilization and farmer＇s fertilization practice （FFP） as controls, the effects of three slow-release fertilizers on rice growth and yield were studied with plot experiment. The results showed that slow-release fertilizer 3 increased tiller number by 29% compared with FFP, increased tiller number by 23% compared with optimized fertilization. Slow-release fertilizer 1 and 2 increased tiller number by 25% compared with FFP, increased tiller number by 18.7% compared with optimized fertilization. The yields for different treatment were in the following order： optimized fertilization〉slow-release fertilizer 3〉slow-release fertilizer 2〉slowrelease fertilizer 1〉FFP. The yield of optimized fertilization was 6.4% higher than that of slow-release fertilizer 1, 6% higher than that of slow-release fertilizer 2 and 3.7% higher than that of slow-release fertilizer 3. The yield increases for slow-release fertilizer 1, 2 and 3 compared to FFP were 8.7%, 9.1% and 11.3%, respectively. Optimized fertilization could improve rice population quality obviously, but the rice population quality in slowrelease fertilizer treatments was not as good as expected. Large amount of N was released from slow-release fertilizers 40-50 d after application, but this N release pattern was not in accordance with rice requirement.

关 键 词：缓释复合肥 水稻 分蘖 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S14