目的考量或者事实推断——搜查实体要件的实证研究  

Purpose Estimating or Factual Deducing——Empirical Research on the Substantive Essentials of Search

作　　者：刘方权[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建警察学院法律系,福建福州350007

出　　处：《福建警察学院学报》2008年第4期69-76,共8页Journal of Fujian Police College

基　　金：导师左卫民教授主持的中国法学会部级项目"我国刑事诉讼运行机制实证研究"课题组(课题号:CLS(2006)WT06)的调研;"福建省新建本科院校新世纪优秀人才计划"项目的资助

摘　　要：我国刑事诉讼法规定,为了收集犯罪证据、查获犯罪人,侦查人员可以对犯罪嫌疑人以及可能隐藏罪犯或者犯罪证据的人的身体、物品、住处和其他有关的地方进行搜查。从立法上看,目的正当性即为搜查的实体要件。实证研究表明,侦查人员持证搜查的情形并不多。在《呈请搜查报告书》中,侦查人员所说明的仅仅是犯罪嫌疑人涉嫌犯罪的事实以及证据。审核与审批人员在对申请进行审查的过程中,更多的也只是关注犯罪嫌疑人涉嫌犯罪的证据。由于立法对搜查的实体要件设定过低,在缺乏一个有效的外部程序控制的情况下,可能会存在搜查措施被滥用的危险。Detectives can search the bodies, goods, dwellings and some other relative places of suspects or the third party probably hiding suspect or conviction evidence according China＇s Criminal Justice Code. The purpose of obtaining the conviction evidence so serves as the substantive essentials of search. The empirical research result shows, detectives seldom accomplish their search action with a warrant. In the＂Application for search＂, detectives only demonstrates the criminal facts and some evidences of the suspect. What the auditor and supervisor of application care is the same as the detective. Because of the excessive low substantive essentials established by legislation, the measure of search is probably abusive by detectives even if without a effective exterior procedural regulation system.

关 键 词：搜查 实体要件 实证研究 

分 类 号：D630.1[政治法律—政治学] D918[政治法律—中外政治制度]