化学杂交剂对灌浆期小麦源流库的影响  

Effect of CHA BAU-9403 on Source-translocation-sink during Grain-filling Stage in Wheat

作　　者：姜辉[1] 王玉兰 高庆荣[1] 李罗江[1] 郭凤芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院／国家作物生物学重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省德州市农业局,山东德州253000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2008年第7期1391-1396,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A02);国家财政部重大农业科研条件建设项目(1251610400305)

摘　　要：以大穗小麦品种SN05-3和多穗小麦SN02-3为试验材料,研究了化学杂交剂BAU-9403对灌浆期小麦库、源、流的影响.结果表明,BAU-9403诱导的小麦雄性不育率大于95%,异交结实率高于92.5%;BAU-9403能够显著降低旗叶叶绿素含量和提高其净光合速率;喷药处理的干物质日生产量,茎、叶、鞘的干物质转移量及其输出率和转换率均下降;喷药处理籽粒饱满度平均减少0.222,平均灌浆速率降低0.306g/1000 grains·d-1,灌浆持续期平均缩短6.03d.BAU-9403处理的SN05-3净光合速率增加幅度、叶绿素含量及茎中干物质转移量、输出率和转换率下降幅度均高于SN02-3,而叶中干物质转移量下降幅度和鞘中的干物质输出率却低于SN02-3;SN05-3的灌浆持续期缩短幅度明显大于SN02-3,而其灌浆速率下降的程度小于SN02-3.综合分析表明,BAU-9403能够影响灌浆期小麦的光合生理特性,破坏库、源之间的平衡关系,使干物质积累和转运不畅,导致粒重下降,且品种间的反应存在差异.Two materials,SN02-3 with multiple spikes and SN05-3 with big spikes,were employed to study the effect of BAU-9403 on source-translocation-sink in grain filling in wheat. The results showed that the male-sterility rate induced by BAU-9403 was higher than 95%. The photosynthetic rate of flag leaves was improved significantly after spraying BAU-9403. The chlorophyll content was decreased, and the difference between the control and treated materials by BAU-9403 was also significant. The output per day of dry matter was decline,as well as the dry matter translocation,dry matter translocation efficiency and dry matter translocation proportion for grain in stems, leaves and sheaths. The kernel plumpness index, average rate and duration of grain filling were decreased by 0. 222,0. 306 g/1 000 grains·d^-1 and 6.03 days,respectively. The differences were also detected between different genotypes. The differences were significant on chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and kernel volume between SN02-3 and SN05-3. The dry matter translocation as well as dry matter translocation efficiency and dry matter translocation proportion for grain of stems declined more in SN05-3,but the decrease of dry matter translocation of leaves and dry matter translocation efficiency of sheath was more in SN02-3. Duration of grain filling was shortened by 9.56 days in SN05-3 ,and 2.5 days in SN02-3 ,but the grain filling rate was decreased more in SN02-3. In short,BAU- 9403 could affect photosynthetic and physiological traits. The balanceable relationship between source andsink was interfered,and as a result the accumulation and transportation of dry matter were inhibited and grain weight was lightened.

关 键 词：化学杂交剂 小麦 灌浆 源-流-库 

分 类 号：Q945.18[生物学—植物学] Q945.65