几种药剂对烟草漂浮苗干根中烟草花叶病毒的失活效果  

The inactivation effects of chemicals to Tobacco mosaic virus in dry roots of tobacco float seedling

作　　者：刘勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草科学研究所,玉溪红塔南祥路653100

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2008年第4期33-38,共6页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：云南省烟草公司基金项目(04A15)

摘　　要：为了提出烟草漂浮育苗旧苗盘残留物中烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)的消毒方法,采用接种枯斑寄主和接种普通烟K326方法,测定了几种药剂对病苗干根中TMV的失活效果。结果表明,98%磷酸三钠25 g/L和50 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖2~3 d可使病苗干根中的TMV彻底失活,40%育宝6.7 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖3~4 d对病苗干根中TMV失活效果高,推荐这两种药剂用于旧苗盘TMV消毒。下列消毒溶液处理对病苗干根中TMV不能完全失活:美国消毒剂20 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖5 d、2%二氧化氯10 g/L溶液、7%有效氯次氯酸钠10 g/L溶液、高锰酸钾3.3 g/L溶液和30%有效氯漂白粉50 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖7 d。上述药剂消毒旧苗盘TMV的浓度和处理方法需要进一步试验。抗病毒剂2%菌克毒克1.7 g/L溶液、3.95%病毒必克2.0 g/L溶液、24%毒消1.7 g/L溶液都不适宜于旧苗盘TMV浸泡法消毒。与药剂浸湿后塑料膜覆盖方法相比,药剂浸泡法的可操作性差。三抗体夹心法和TMV试纸条检测结果表明,上述药剂浸泡30~120 min和浸湿后塑料膜覆盖8 h^7 d后,不能有效破坏干病根样品中TMV抗原。In order to develop methods of inactive tobacco mosaic virus in residues of float tray, the inactivation effects of chemicals to TMV in dry roots of tobacco float seedling were evaluated by local lesion assay and inoculation to tobacco variety K326. Results showed that TMV can be fully inactivated by mulching of plastic film soaked with 98 % trisodium phosphate at 25 g/L and 50 g/L for 2 to 3 days, and can be highly inactivated by film soaked with 40%Yubao at 6.7 g/L for 3 to 4 days. Thus, trisodium phosphate was recommended to be applied in disinfection of float tray with mosaic disease, and Yubao in disinfection of float try without mosaic disease. Chemicals can not highly inactivate TMV in dry roots of tobacco float seedling were as follows： 20 g/L anonymous disinfector for 5 days, 10 g/L 2% chlorine dioxide, 10 g/L 7% sodium hypochlorite, 3.3 g/L potassium permanganate, and 50 g/L 30% chloride of lime for 7 days. The treatment dosage and time of above chemicals should be further evaluated. Futhermore, 1.7 g/L 2% Junkeduke, 2.0 g/L 3.95% Bingdubike, and 1.7 g/L 24% Duxiao were not feasible in float tray TMV disinfection by soaking method. Compared with mulch after soaking method, chemical solution soaking method was not convenient to operate. Results of TAS-ELISA and TMV-Imunostrip tests showed that chem- ical solution soaked for 30 min to 120 min or mulch after soaking for 8 hours to 7 days can not destroy TMV antigen in dry tobacco seedling roots.

关 键 词：烟草 漂浮苗 干根 烟草花叶病毒 消毒 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]