一种能量有效的传感器监测网络成簇协议  

An Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol for Surveillance Sensor Networks

作　　者：沈洋[1] 齐望东[1] 戴浩 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学计算机工程系,江苏南京210007 [2]中国电子设备系统工程公司,北京100039

出　　处：《软件学报》2008年第9期2432-2441,共10页Journal of Software

摘　　要：提出了一种分布式能量有效的传感器监测网络成簇协议EECTS(energy-efficient clustering protocol for target surveillance).在该协议中,节点根据邻居节点的分布情况以及自己的剩余能量来竞争簇首.为了降低簇首的能量消耗,簇首间形成一个以基站为根的最小生成树,将监测到的数据通过多跳方式直接发送到生成树的上游节点.由于监测网络的首要任务是能够对移动目标进行不间断的监测,此协议还提出了一种簇内调度方法EECTS-1,可监测到网络中的大部分区域,并在此基础上提出了改进方法EECTS-2.这两种方法在目标进入网络时都能取得较高的持续监测度.随着节点密度的提高,EECTS协议在保证监测性能的前提下,使得传感器监测网络的寿命相应于节点数量呈线性增长.仿真结果表明,在监测性能相同的情况下,运行EECTS-1协议的网络寿命与HEED协议相同,比DEEG协议的网络寿命延长了约35%。EECTS-2协议比EECTS-1和HEED协议的网络寿命延长了约70%～80%.EECTS成簇协议可应用于军事目标监测等领域,工作时间长,监测结果具有很高的可靠性.This paper proposes a distributed energy efficient clustering protocol for target surveillance in sensor networks （EECTS）. The protocol selects cluster heads according to a hybrid of node＇s residual energy and distribution of its neighbors. In addition, for the sake of reducing the energy dissipation of the cluster head, a minimum spanning tree with root of the base station is constructed among the cluster heads. Then it sends the gathered data to its upstream node along the spanning tree. The chief task of surveillance sensor networks is to sensing the moving target. So an intra-cluster node schedule method named EECTS-1 that can senses the most part of the network and it＇s enhanced method EECTS-2 are introduced. The two methods can obtain the high continuous surveillance degree when the moving target enters into the network. EECTS produces a linear network lifetime in the number of nodes and keeps good continuous surveillance degree simultaneously. The simulation results show that with the same performance of surveillance the EECTS-1 achieves the same lifetime as that HEED obtains and outperforms DEEG with up to 35% improvement. The EECTS-2 outperforms HEED significantly with prolonging the network lifetime about 70%-80%. Therefore the EECTS is suitable for military target surveillance and has high reliability of the sensing information.

关 键 词：传感器监测网络 簇 最小生成树 持续监测度 覆盖 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]