北京市儿童青少年原发性高血压的家庭聚集性分析  

Family aggregation of primary hypertension among children and adolescents in Beijing

作　　者：席波[1] 米杰[1] 王俐[2] 段佳丽[3] 赵地[2] 张明明[2] 程红[1] 侯冬青[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所流行病学研究室,北京100020 [2]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院心内科 [3]北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2008年第9期849-854,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：北京市科技计划重点资助项目（H030930030130）;调查中得到北京市6个区县（西城、朝阳、海淀、大兴、延庆、平谷）疾病预防控制中心和妇幼保健院（所）,东城区中小学保健所,40余所幼儿园、中小学校和街道社区,2万余名被调查的儿童青少年和家长,以及北京市教育委员会、北京市卫生局给予的支持,谨此志谢

摘　　要：目的探讨父母高血压史与儿童青少年高血压患病的关系，为儿童青少年高血压的早期预防或干预提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法，抽取北京市4个城区和3个郊区（县）19088名6～17岁儿童青少年进行调查，收集父母高血压史以及子女高血压的其他生活环境因素，同时测量儿童青少年的收缩压和舒张压。运用SPSS13．0软件进行统计分析。结果根据2004年北京市儿童青少年代谢综合征（BCAMS）资料中血压参考值，儿童青少年的高血压患病率为9．13％。儿童青少年高血压存在明显的家庭聚集性（P〈0．001）。控制儿童青少年的性别、年龄、居住地、BMI、青春期、吸烟、饮酒、吃肉类食物、体力活动以及父／母受教育程度、吸烟、饮酒等协变量后，父母高血压史人数与儿童青少年收缩压、舒张压呈显著正相关，其偏回归系数分别为0．980（95％CI：0．524～1．437）和0．832（95％CI：0．463～1．201）。控制上述的协变量，多因素logistic回归表明，与父母均无高血压史者相比，父亲高血压、母亲高血压、双亲高血压者，患高血压的危险性OR值分别为1．688（1．385～2．059）、1．559（1．164～2．087）和1．273（0．673～2．406）。结论父母高血压史可能是儿童青少年高血压患病的独立危险因素，对儿童青少年高血压的早期预防和控制应重视遗传因素的影响。Objective To explore the association between histories of hypertension in parents and level of blood pressure in their children so as to provide strategy for early intervention. Methods 19 088 children aged 6-17 years were selected in Beijing with stratified random cluster sampling method, and data on influencing factors including parental history of hypertension and other related environmental factors were collected. Systolic blood pressure （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure （DBP） were examined. SPSS 13.0 was used for data analyses. Results The average prevalence of high blood pressure in children and adolescents was 9.13 % based on the blood pressure criteria Beijing Children and Adolescents Metabolic Syndrome （BCAMS） set in 2004. Familial aggregation of hypertension in children and adolescents was observed （P 〈 0. 001 ）. There were positive associations between the numbers of parents with history of hypertension and both SBP and DBP of their offspring. Partial regression coefficients appeared to be 0. 980 （95 % CI：0. 524-1. 437） and 0. 832（95 % CI ： 0. 463-1. 201） respectively, after controlling for confounding variables including gender, age, residential regions, body mass index （BMI）, pubertal development, histories of smoking and drinking alcohol, fat intakes, physical exercises, parents＇ education level etc. Results from multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that when compared with children whose parents did not have hypertension, the odds ratios of children having high blood pressure with only paternal history, only maternal history or with both parental histories were 1. 688 （ 1. 385-2. 059）, 1. 559 （ 1. 164- 2. 087） and 1.273 （0. 673- 2. 406）, respectively, after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusion Parental history of hypertension seemed to be an important independent risk factor for high blood pressure to their offspring. Heredity factors should be emphasized in the development of prevention and intervention on hypertension in chi

关 键 词：高血压 原发性 家庭聚集性 父母高血压史 儿童青少年 

分 类 号：R725.4[医药卫生—儿科]