乳房再造手术对乳房缺失者的心理影响  

Effect of reconstructive surgery on psychology of breast-loss women

作　　者：刘晨[1] 栾杰[1] 丛中[2] 穆兰[1] 范飞[1] 穆大力[1] 张卓奇[1] 王克明[1] 辛敏强[1] 刘武韬[1] 苏韦祯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院整形外科医院,北京100144 [2]北京大学精神卫生研究所

出　　处：《中华医学美学美容杂志》2008年第3期187-189,共3页Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology

摘　　要：目的探讨寻求乳房再造手术的乳房缺失者的心理状态，分析再造手术后其心理的变化。方法分别采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、自尊量表、体像障碍自评量表及艾森克人格问卷，对50例乳房缺失者手术前后的心理状态进行评估，统计手术前异常心理的比例，分析患者的人格特征，比较手术前后患者的心理改变。结果乳房缺失者术前焦虑状态、抑郁状态、体像障碍的比例分别为64％、30％、18％，其人格特征为外向人格，好交际，情绪易于激动。手术前自尊量表分值为27．46±8、95，术后上升为33．05±6．12（P〈0．05）；体像障碍量表手术前分值为25．74±13．23，术后下降为18．22±8．08（P〈0．05）。结论寻求乳房再造手术者的焦虑、抑郁及体像障碍的比例较高，再造手术可以明显改善患者的体像，提高自尊状态，有利于患者回归社会。Objective To identify the prevalence and profile of psychological difficulties in a sample of women seeking the breast reconstruction, and to study the effect of the reconstructive surgery on their psychology. Methods Before and after the breast reconstruction, 50 breast-loss women were tested with the self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, the self-rating depression scale （SDS）, the self-esteem scale （SES）, the self-rating body dysmorphic disorder scale （SBDDS）, and the Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ）, respectively. The proportion of the abnormally psychological patients was counted, their personality characters were analyzed, and the postoperative psychological changes were obverved. Results It was found that the 64 percent of the breast-loss patients were in anxiety, 30 percent were in depression, and 18 percent were in body dysmorphic disorder. The characteristics of their personality were more extravert, sociable and easily emotional agitation. The scores in SES of the preoperative patients were 27.46 ± 8.95, and those of the postoperative patients were 33.05 ± 6.12 （ P 〈 0.05）. The scores in SBDDS of the preoperative patients were 25. 74 ± 13. 23, and those of the postoperative patients were 18. 22 ± 8. 08 （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The proportion of the anxiety, depression and BDD is high in the breast-loss women, and the postoperative psychology of esteem and body dysmorphic disorder is improved effectively.

关 键 词：乳房再造术 心理学 量表测试 

分 类 号：R65[医药卫生—外科学]