干旱区绿洲农业水权配置模型及应用  

Modeling and Utilizing the Allocation of Agricultural Water Rights in Oases in Arid Areas

作　　者：郑洲[1] 郑旭荣[2] 李玉芳[1] 刘洪光[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2008年第8期57-58,62,共3页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金："十五"国家科技重点攻关项目(2002BA901A37)

摘　　要：绿洲是干旱区独有的地域景观,也是干旱区人们繁衍生息的场所。绿洲农业的发展为干旱区人们的生存提供了基本的物质保障,而水是绿洲农业开发与发展的限制性因素。针对干旱区绿洲农业具有"非灌不植"的特点以及目前干旱区水资源尤其是农用水资源紧张的现状,首先从水权的角度界定了绿洲农业水权的内涵;其次,在已有水权分配研究的基础上,将以前的水权分配两个层次更细致地划分了三个层次,并重点对第三个层次,即绿洲农业内部水权,提出了水权配置的结构模型;最后,将该模型在石河子绿洲进行应用。结果表明,运用该模型对农业内部进行水权配置,可为调整农业产业结构提供一条新思路。An oasis is a scene peculiar to the arid region, and is also a place for people＇s living. The development of oasis agriculture provides essential material, while lack of water is the disincentive for the development of the oasis agriculture. On the basis of the characteristics of oasis agriculture in the arid region, i.e. no growth without irrigation, and the basis of the increasing scarcity and competition for the agricultural water, this study firstly defined oasis agricultural water rights from the point of view of water rights. Then, based on the former studies on water rights allocation, two hierarchies were divided into three hierarchies in this paper, and the model of water right allocation was created for the third hierarchy, namely water right allocation concerning oasis agriculture. Finally, this model was applied to the Shihezi oasis. Results show that applying the model to agriculture can reduce proportion of planting industry and improve other industries effectively, which may offer a new way to adjust the industrial structure of agriculture.

关 键 词：干旱区 绿洲 农业水权 界定 配置 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源] F323.213[经济管理—产业经济]