ICU嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌致下呼吸道感染的危险因素及耐药性分析  

To analysis the risk factors and drugs resistance of xanthomonas maltophilia from lower respiratory infection in intensive care units

作　　者：李红玉[1] 吴燕峰[1] 江从海[1] 伍锡泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属二院检验科,广州510120

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2008年第24期49-50,共2页China Practical Medicine

基　　金：广州市科委科研重点项目(项目编号:2006Z1-E0141)

摘　　要：目的了解ICU嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(Xan)致下呼吸道感染的危险因素有其耐药特征,为临床治疗提供实验依据。方法常规的方法对2004年1月至2007年12月ICU患者的下呼吸道标本进行培养分离,VITEK.TWO全自动微生物鉴定仪进行鉴定,K-B法进行药敏试验,用WHONET5.0进行数据统计。结果Xan对12种抗菌素的敏感率分别为氨曲南13.6%、阿米卡星21.3%、哌拉西林/三唑巴坦31.8%、替卡西林/棒酸36.4%、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦40.9%、环丙沙星47.0(31)%、头孢匹肟51.5%、氯霉素57.6%、头孢他啶60.6%、左氧氟沙星74.2%、复方新诺明75.8%及米诺环素100.0%;在感染者中所有的患者均有基础疾病且曾使用过广谱抗菌素,90.9%(60/66)接受侵入性检查或治疗。结论Xan对多种抗菌素耐药,其感染与患者的基础疾病、是否接受广谱抗菌素治疗及侵入性检查等有关。Objective To investigate the risk factors and drugs resistance of xanthomonas maltophilia （Xan） from lower respiratory in ICU. Methods The strains were isolated and cultured by routine methods, Identification of the bacteria were performed on VITEK · TWO all-automatic microbiology analysis system, antimicrobial susceptibility test（AST） were performed by K-B. The data statistics by WHONET 5.0. Results The rates of susceptibility to 12 antibiotics were Aztreonam 13.6%, Amikacin 21.3%, Piperacillin/Tazobactam 31.8% ,Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid 36.4% , Cefoperazone/Sulbactam 40. 9% , Ciprofloxacin 47. 0% , Cefepime 51.5% , Chloramphenicol 57.6% , Ceftazidime 60.6% , Levofloxacin 74.2%, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprin 75.8% and Minocycline 100. 0% , respectively;All patients had primary diseases and treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, 90. 9% of patients were examinated and treated with intrusive methods. Conclusion Xanthomonas maltophilia resistant to many antibiotics, the infection caused by xanthomonas maltophilia related to the primary diseases, treatment with antibiotics and the various intrusive examinations.

关 键 词：嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌 下呼吸道感染 危险因素 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]