利用污泥制备微生物灭蚊剂的研究  

Production of Sewage Sludge Based-mosquito Biolarvicide

作　　者：罗刚 周顺桂[2,3] 王少林 倪晋仁[3] 

机构地区：[1]广州市污水治理有限责任公司,广东广州510655 [2]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广东广州510650 [3]北京大学环境工程系,教育部水沙科学重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2008年第4期465-471,共7页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2006D90704001);广东省自然科学基金(5006694);广东省科技攻关项目(2005B10401008)

摘　　要：以活菌数、芽孢数和毒效为参数,通过摇瓶发酵试验探讨了污泥为原料制备微生物灭蚊剂的可行性.结果表明,在含固率适宜的条件下,污泥是微生物灭蚊菌株Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.israelensis187(简称Bti 187)和Bacillussphaericus2362(简称Bs 2362)的优良产孢产毒培养基.Bti 187和Bs 2362在污泥中发酵42h,活菌数分别可达3.7×108CFU/mL、3.6×108CFU/mL;抗热性芽孢数分别可达2.6×108CFU/mL、3.5×108CFU/mL,均显著高于常规LB培养基.毒力测定表明,在污泥中发酵42h后,Bti 187发酵液对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊的LC50分别为1.05μg/mL、0.93μg/mL,Bs 2362发酵液对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊的LC50分别为0.69μg/mL和103.4μg/mL.与常规LB培养基相比,杀蚊幼虫毒效显著提高.采用污泥发酵制备微生物灭蚊剂可降低生产成本,且发酵性能优良,为污泥资源化开辟了新途径.Feasibility of the production of sewage sludge based-mosquito biolavicide was studied in the shake flasks. Experimental results showed that sewage sludge at optimal solid content had the potential to be an excellent medium for the growth, sporulation and protoxin production for Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.israelensis strain 187 （Bti 187） and Bacillus sphaericus strain 2362 （Bs 2362）. Sewage sludge, at 25g/L solids content can produce higher viable cell count（3.7 × 10^8CFU/mL for Bti 187; 3. 6× 10^8CFU/mL for Bs 2362） and spore count （2. 6 × 10^8CFU/mL for Bti 187,3.5× 10^8 CFU/mL for Bs 2362） relative to the conventional LB medium. The LC50 of sludge-grown Bti 187 against the larvae of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus reached 1.05μg/mL,0. 93μg/mL ：respectively ,while LC50 of sludge-grown Bs 2362 were 0. 69μg/mL, 103.4μg/mL respectively. This suggested that using sewage sludge as a culture medium resulted in a higher larvicidal activity compared with the LB medium. The use of sewage sludge for the production of mosquito biolarvicides represents a new alternative for sewage sludge disposal and can minimize the production costs for biolarvicides.

关 键 词：城市污泥 微生物灭蚊剂 苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种 球形芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]