艾比湖胡杨宽度年表建立及其环境意义  

Tree-ring Width Chronology of Populus euphratica from Aibi Lake area and Its Environmental Significance

作　　者：尚华明[1] 魏文寿[1] 袁玉江[1] 喻树龙[1] 于瑞德 高翔 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所 [2]新疆林业学校,新疆乌鲁木齐830026 [3]博乐市林业局艾比湖自然保护区,新疆博乐833400

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2008年第5期815-820,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：科技基础性工作专项(2007FY220200);中国气象局重点开放实验室项目“新疆天山北坡树木年轮气候研究”;国家自然科学基金项目(40475041);公益性行业专项(GYHY200706008);新疆气象局项目(200725)共同资助

摘　　要：在艾比湖东岸采集了3个样点的胡杨树芯标本，建立了艾比桦和东大桥两个采样点的树轮宽度年表（STD，RES和ARS年表），年表长度分别为196a和210a，并分析了年表的特征。对树轮标准年表与精河气象站的温度、降水量进行的相关分析发现，温度和降水对胡杨年轮宽度生长的影响较小，没有达到显著相关，表明该区域的降水和温度都不是树木生长的主要限制条件。艾比湖湖面面积变化、沙尘暴日数与树轮宽度指数的相关分析表明，艾比湖湖面面积与轮宽指数呈反向变化，而沙尘暴日数与轮宽指数呈显著正相关，特别是精河站年沙尘暴日数与东大桥当年（t）、次年（t＋1）和再次年（t＋2）的标准年表指数的相关系数分别达到0．31、0．61和0．57，且后两项通过了0．01显著性检验，表明二者受到共同环境因素的制约。可能由于东大桥采点位于河道附近，地下水位较高（1．4～2．7m），在高湖面时期，与之对应的较高的地下水位反而制约了胡杨的生长，而在湖面较低的年份，地表干燥而裸露，沙尘暴频发，地下水位较低，更适宜胡杨的生长。Tree-ring samples of Populus euphraticawere collected from three sites at the east of Aibi Lake. Tree-ring width chronologies （STD, RES and ARS）of Aibihua and Dongdaqiao sampling sites were devel- oped, and the features of the chronologies were also analyzed. The chronology spans were 1811--2006 and 1797--2006 respectively. The correlation analysis between standardized width chronologies and temperature and precipitation of Jinghe weather station shows that the correlation is not remarkable. The temperature and precipitation is not the main limiting factor to tree-ring radial growth. Lake level and tree-ring width in- dex show an opposite trend, however, the relation between the chronologies and sandstormdays is remarka- ble positive. The coefficient between the sandstorm days and the chronologiesof t, t＋1, and t ＋2 reaches 0.31, 0.61 and 0.57, which shows they were controlled by common factors. The groundwater table is about 1.5 to 3 m high and enough to be used by Populus euphratica. On the contrary, at the high lake level peri- od, the groundwater level is accordinglyhigh, which limit the tree growth. When the climate becomeswarm and dry, sandstormis frequent, lake level and groundwater level decrease, and trees grow faster.

关 键 词：艾比湖 胡杨 树轮年表 环境意义 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]