北方杂交粳稻株型遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis on Plant-Type of Northern Japonica Hybrid Rice

作　　者：马秀芳[1] 郝宪彬 沈枫 华泽田 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110161 [2]北方杂交粳稻技术工程中心,沈阳110101

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2008年第9期2563-2572,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2002AA207002)

摘　　要：【目的】研究北方杂交粳稻株型性状的遗传关系,为提高株型杂交育种效率提供理论参考。【方法】运用SAS、QGA等软件及主成分分析的方法,对由10个不育系及10个恢复系为亲本配组形成100个杂交粳稻组合的株型性状的遗传关系进行分析。【结果】和母本相比,北方杂交粳稻多数株型性状在遗传上与父本关系更为密切;各株型性状遗传加性效应和显性效应均表现为极显著且加性效应大于显性效应;遗传相关分析表明株型高大或株叶型高大益于提高穗数及增加穗重,利于发挥杂种优势;影响北方杂交粳稻株型的主要因素依次为株高、剑叶角、剑叶长、茎叶重。【结论】北方杂交粳稻株型性状体系复杂;在株型配组中与不育系相比,要更注意对恢复系的选择;杂交粳稻的株型配组过程中应注重对株高、剑叶角、剑叶长、茎叶重等4个因素的选择。[Objective] The goal of the research is to analyze the genetic relationship of the morphological traits of the northern japonica hybrid rice. [ Method ] The genetic relationship of the morphological traits of 100 cultivars combined by 10 sterile lines and 10 restoring lines was studied by using the principle component analysis and the SAS and QGA. [Result] Compared with the female parent, most of the morphological traits relate closely to their father＇s. The additive genetic effect and the dominant genetic effect appeared significantly and the former is more significant than the later. Genetic correlation analysis indicats that the high plants or the high plants with more leaves are in favor of improving the number and the weight of spike and producing the hybrid vigor. The important factors influencing the plant type of the northern japonica hybrid rice are plant height, angle of flag leaf, flag leaf length and weight of leaves and shoots, respectively. [ Conclusion ]The morphological traits system of the northern japonica hybrid rice is very complex. More importance should be attached to restoring line compared with the sterile line and the plant height, the angle of the flag leaf, flag leaf length and the weight of the leaves and shoots should be considered firstly in the plant type breeding.

关 键 词：杂交粳稻 株型 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]