复合催化干法制备交联-羧甲基变性淀粉  

Preparation of Cross-linking and Carboxymethyl Starch by Using Mixed Catalysts in the Dry Process

作　　者：陈广德[1] 毛学锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学化学化工学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《精细化工》2008年第9期904-907,共4页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：以玉米淀粉为原料,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,氯乙酸为醚化剂,用脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(FAPE)和氢氧化钠复合催化,干法制备高取代度交联-羧甲基复合变性淀粉。考察了催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、醚化剂用量和反应体系中水的质量分数对产品取代度和反应效率的影响。结果表明,当FAPE、环氧氯丙烷和水的质量分别为淀粉质量的5%、0.1%和20%,n(淀粉)∶n(氯乙酸)∶n(NaOH)=1∶0.6∶1.05,碱化和醚化反应温度、时间分别为55℃、30 min和75℃、40 min时,产品取代度为0.56,反应效率达93.6%。该制备反应效率由单一用氢氧化钠催化时的62.8%提高到93.6%,降低了成本,工艺简单,能耗低、污染小。Using fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether（FAPE） and sodium hydroxide as mixed catalysts, the cross-linking and carboxymethyl double modified starch （CCMS） was prepared with cornstarch, chloroacetic acid and 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane in a dry process. The influences of catalysts,reaction time, temperature, FAPE, sodium hydroxide and water on the reactivity were investigated in the presence of 5% FAPE,0. 1% of 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane and 20% of water （ based on mass of cornstarch）. The molar ratio of cornstarch, chloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide is 1：0. 6：1.05. The reaction time is 30mins for alkalinization at 55 ℃ and 40 mins for etherification at 75 ℃. The degree of substitution was 0.56 and the reactivity was 93.6%, compared to that of 62. 8% with only sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The results show that the dry process can not only cut down production costs but also employ simple procedures and eliminate environmental pollutions.

关 键 词：交联-羧甲基淀粉 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 干法 淀粉化学品 

分 类 号：TS236.9[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]