施硼对云南亚热带湿热地区距瓣豆生长的影响  

Effect of Boron Fertilizer on the Growth of Centrosema pubescens in the Humid Subtropical Areas of Yunnan

作　　者：黄梅芬[1] 和占星[1] 郑毅[2] 奎嘉祥 周自玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省肉牛和牧草研究中心,云南昆明650212 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [3]云南省畜牧和兽医科学研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2008年第4期26-31,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：科技部农业成果转化资金项目(No.2006GB2F300272);云南特色优良牧草种子产业化生产示范和云南省肉牛和牧草研究中心主任基金(No.2007YNBP05)

摘　　要：探讨云南亚热带湿热地区微量元素硼对引进优良豆科牧草距瓣豆生长的影响,开展硼不同施量对距瓣豆生物产量、种子产量影响的单因子完全随机区组试验。结果表明,施硼1.65kg/hm2比不施硼的对照明显提高距瓣豆的种子产量163%(P<0.01)和干物质产量83%(P>0.05),而且硼肥与种子产量之间存在一元二次曲线显著相关(Y=8.83+19.0x-0.8x2,r=0.80988**,SE=±13.9);施硼增加距瓣豆的磷、钙含量80%和144.4%;明显地增加单位面积距瓣豆的钙产量(P<0.01),其次是磷、铜和硫的需求量(P<0.05),此时单位面积距瓣豆的净营养需求或移出量依次比对照增加钙137.0%、磷133.3%、镁44.4%、硫34.4%、氮29.5%、铜28.6%、锰26.4%和钾26%。综合分析,在施磷肥等其它元素肥的基础上,加施硼1.1kg/hm2可以获得较好的优质距瓣豆产量和较高经济效益,同时可以满足牲畜生产的营养需要。An experiment of boron fertilizer applied to an excellent legume, Centrosema pubescens, was arranged in a completely randomized factorial design with four levels （viz. nil, 0.55, 1.1 and 1.65 kg B/ha） and three replications to observe the yield of oven-dry matter and seed production in humid subtropical areas of Pu＇er City, Yunnan Province, the southeast of China. The results showed that C. pubescens treated with 1.56 kg B/ha yielded 163% of seeds （P 〈 0.01）, 83% of dry matter yield （P 〈 0.05） as compared with the control （without boron fertilizer）. A significant positive curvilinear relationship was observed between the boron application rate and the seed yield （Y=8.83 ＋ 19.0x-0.8x^2, r=0.809 88^＊＊, SE= ±13.9）. C. pubescens treated with boron fertilizer was found to contain an 80% increase of phosphorus （P） and 144.4 % of calcium （Ca） as against the control. Moreover, the boron treatment increased significantly Ca content （P〈0.01） of C. pubescens, followed by P, sulphur （S） and copper （Cu） （P〈 0.05） content. When compared with the control, the net nutrient requirement of C. pubescens per hectare for Ca, P, Mg, S, N, Cu, Mn and K under the boron treatment were increased by 137.0%, 133.3% , 44.4%, 34.4%, 29.5,28.6%, 26.4% and 26%, respectively. Comprehensive analysis showed that C. pubescens added with Boron fertilizer at 1.1 kg/ha under normal application of other elements fertilizers such as P produced higher yield with high quality and significant economic benefit, which could supply enough nutrients for livestock production.

关 键 词：距瓣豆 硼肥 赤红壤 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]