不同止血材料在鼻出血填塞中的应用及其生物学特性  

Application and biological characteristics of hemostasis materials in nasal bleeding tampon

作　　者：陈苏桂[1] 高雪萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉安市井冈山大学附属医院护理部,江西省吉安市 343000 [2]吉安市井冈山大学附属医院呼吸内科,江西省吉安市 343000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2008年第32期6358-6360,共3页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：鼻出血的止血材料一直是临床医生探索的课题,凡士林纱条虽有比较好的压迫止血效果,但填塞不方便、疼痛重、保留时间短。而Merocel高膨胀止血棉与Ivalon无痛止血海绵均为高分子合成的高膨胀止血材料,质地柔韧,有高度亲水性,吸收液体后迅速膨胀压迫出血区,可塑性强,并且可以作为药物载体,减轻炎症反应。其不足之处在于产生的压力强度有限,较剧烈的出血得不到有效控制。Sorbalgon藻酸钙敷料由柔软的海藻与酸钙纤维制成,有良好的生物相容性、顺应性和很强的亲水性,当其与血液和伤口分泌物中的钠盐接触时,即转化为一种凝胶状物质,起到较好的止血作用。由于藻酸钙敷料过于柔软,遇水后液化迅速,缺乏韧性和弹性,因此压迫力度不够。明胶海绵组织相容性好,对人体无明显毒副作用,无抗原性,不会产生过敏反应,但也存在压力不够的缺陷。文章分析几种填塞止血材料的生物学特性及作用的局限性,并与传统的凡士林纱条相比较。为改善鼻腔填塞止血材料的性能提供依据。Hemostasis material for nasal bleeding is a problem that attract more explorations. Vaseline strip is effective to compress and stop bleeding, but packing is not convenient, pain is severe and retention time is short. Merocel expansible hemostatic cotton and Ivalon pain-free sponge are both synthesized by high polymer that exhibit gentle texture, high hydrophilicity and strong plasticity. They can be used as drug carders to relieve inflammation. Insufficiently, the produced pressure is restricted in the strength, thus cannot control the severe hemorrhage. Sorbalgon dressing comprises soft seaweed and calcium alginate fibers, it shows good biocompatibility, compliance and strong plasticity, In contact with the salt secreted from blood or wounds, it may differentiate into a hemostatic gel. However, calcium alginate dressing is too soft to hold compression force. Gelatin sponge shows good histocompatibility, no toxicity, no antigenicity, and induces no hypersensitive response, but it is also unsatisfactory in the compression. This paper analyzes the biological characteristics and application of some hemostasis materials, and compare with common vaseline strip, thus providing evidence for improving the property of hemostasis materials for nasal filling,

关 键 词：止血材料 鼻腔填塞 鼻出血 生物相容性 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]