油藏微生物群落结构的分子分析  

Molecular Analysis of Microbial Community in Oil Field

作　　者：程海鹰[1] 孙珊珊[1] 梁建春[2] 汪娟娟[2] 罗一菁[1] 魏利[3] 张忠智[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)化工学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油大港油田采油工艺研究院,天津300280 [3]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《化学与生物工程》2008年第9期39-43,共5页Chemistry & Bioengineering

基　　金：中国石油大港油田采油工艺研究院合作项目(DGYT-2007-JS-1951)

摘　　要：利用PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术考察本源微生物驱油前后,即营养剂注入前后微生物群落结构的变化。实验室模拟地层培养结果表明,在以N-1(主要成分为淀粉纤维素)为唯一营养剂、培养温度为48℃时,在有氧或厌氧条件下,24 h后原始水样中对驱油有利的本源菌便可以被激活,并随着培养时间的延长最终达到稳定。主要激活的对驱油有利的3种菌株为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)、梭状芽孢杆菌(Clostridium sp.)和烃类降解菌(Hydro-carbon seep bacterium)。经分析,原始底层注入水中虽然含有对驱油不利的脱硫肠状菌属(Desulfotomaculum salinum),但是在经N-1激活后的水样中均未发现该菌的存在,证明N-1不会激活原始水样中的脱硫肠状菌属。为营养体系的筛选、注入方案的优化设计和驱油效果评价提供了理论支撑。In order to analyze the microbial community pre-and post the microbial flooding in Fang 19 field which lies in Dagang Oil Field,PCR-DGGE is used in the study. And the result of the study will provide the method of the screening of nutrition,the optimization of injection project and the effect of microbial enhanced oil recovery. The study primarily demonstrates the change of the microbial community of oil field pre-and post the injection of N-1 mainly composed by starch cellulose. The experimental results indicate that：when N-1 is used as the sole nutrition, the main activated bacteria are Pseudomonas sp. , Clostridium sp. , Hydrocarbon seep bacterium which are useful to MEOR at 48℃ after 24 hours no matter aerobic or anaerobic culture. Although there is Desulfotomaculwn salinum which is bad to MEOR in the original water sample, the result of the study also proves that N-1 can not activate Desulfotomaculum salinum because they don＇t exist in the water activated by N-1.

关 键 词：微生物群落结构 分子分析 PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR—DGGE) N-1 微生物采油(MEOR) 

分 类 号：Q939[生物学—微生物学]