有机废水制取氢气及COD的去除  

Hydrogen production and the removal of COD from organic wastewater

作　　者：屈冉[1,2,3] 李俊生[1] 孙振钧[4] 刘雪连[4] 郑小雨[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [3]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [4]中国农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第4期1390-1393,共4页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家863项目(2004AA246080);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项资助项目(30770306)

摘　　要：针对当前能源紧缺以及有机废水治理和回收再利用的需求,采用驯化的河底污泥发酵模拟有机废水,研究了不同有机废水制取氢气和去除有机物的效果。结果表明:在相同条件下,糖源质量浓度均为1.67g·L-1、废水体积为300mL、pH=5.5、θ=40℃时,糖源为葡萄糖、蔗糖和淀粉的三种有机废水总产氢气量分别是309.36mL,318.18mL,8.20mL,含蔗糖的废水总产氢气量最高。含蔗糖和葡萄糖的废水COD去除率分别是78.00%和76.92%,而含淀粉的废水COD去除率仅为55%。此外,废水产氢规律与从污泥里筛选出的产氢菌生长曲线有密切的关系。厌氧发酵产氢是一个复杂的过程,它受底物种类、底物浓度、pH值和温度等因素的影响。用驯化的污泥来发酵含糖浓度较高的有机废水,不仅可以收集到大量的生物质能氢气,而且一定程度上缓解了有机废水污染环境的问题。In view of the current serious shortage of energy and the demand of remediation and reuse of organic wastewater, disposed sludge from the bottom of a river was used to ferment artificial organic water for hydrogen. In this way, biological hydrogen production and waste remediation have been studied. The results showed that the total hydrogen production from three types of artificial organic water respectively contained glucose, sucrose and starch were 309.36 mL, 318.18 mL, 8.20 mL, at the same conditions that the concentrations of sugar substratum were 1.67 g·L^-1 ,V （volume of organic water ） =300 mL, pH=5.5, 0=40 ℃. The total hydrogen production of artificial water contained sucrose was the highest. The removal rates of the COD from artificial water contained sucrose and glucose were respectively 78.00% and 76.92%. But the removal rate of COD from artificial water contained starch was only 55%.Moreover, it was found out that the status of gas-producing was related with the growth curve of four bacteria strains selected from the sludge. The process of anaerobic fermentation for hydrogen was complicated. It was affected by various factors such as the type and concentration of substrate, pH as well as temperature etc. By adopting disposed sludge to ferment organic water contained high concentration of sugar, not only did it product a large proportion of biological hydrogen energy, but also remediate waste to some extent.

关 键 词：有机废水 生物产氢 产氢菌 COD 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]