采暖对天津近地层PM_(2.5)污染特征的影响  

Influences of heating on the characteristics of PM_(2.5) near the ground in Tianjin

作　　者：姚青[1] 张长春[1] 孙玫玲[1] 黄鹤[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市气象科学研究所,天津300061

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第4期1433-1437,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2007CB407303);中国气象局北京区域气象中心科技创新基金项目(BRMCCX200604);北京城市气象基金项目(UMF200607);天津市气象局研究型业务基金项目(YJX0803)

摘　　要：为探讨天津城区冬季采暖对近地层颗粒物污染特征的影响,于2006年11月采用TEOM系列RP1400a环境颗粒物监测仪观测PM2.5质量浓度,并使用DX-120离子色谱仪分析水溶性无机离子。结果表明:天津城区PM2.5污染较为严重,其垂直分布特征为120m处PM2.5质量浓度最高,40m处次之,220m处最低,显示出与北京气象塔观测实验的明显差异。PM2.5质量浓度采暖期明显高于非采暖期,非采暖期逐时变化呈单峰态,与人类活动密切相关,采暖期呈现多峰态,可能是取暖燃煤(油)的24h连续排放与人为源叠加所致。气象条件对PM2.5质量浓度的影响显著,低风速,高相对湿度有助于PM2.5质量浓度的增大。水溶性离子的浓度水平和分布特征显示,采暖期存在明显的二次离子生成特征,SO42-、NO3-和NH4+三种离子所占比例显著高于非采暖期。To research on the influences of heating on the characteristics of PM2.5 near the ground in TianJin city, the observational data of PM2.5 mass concentrations in November of 2006 was studied, PM2.5 mass concentrations was observed by the instrument of TEOM RP-1400a and water-soluble ionic concentrations was observed by IC of DX-120. The results indicate that the PM2.s pollution is more serious in the heating period than before it, and the pollution at 120 m is more serious than 40m and 220 m. PM2.5 mass concentrations has temporal variation characteristic before the heating period, but it has multi-peaks in heating period for the reason of combine fuel combustion with other contamination. The influences of meteorological factor is marked, PM2.5 mass concentrations increase with lower speed and higher relative humidity. The concentration of secondary ions （SO4^2-, NO3^-and NH4^＋） increase in the heating period, while the variation of total ions concentration in heating period and before heating period is small.

关 键 词：PM2 5 采暖 天津 垂直分布 水溶性离子 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]