汶川地震建筑震害启示——抗震概念设计  

Lessons learnt from building damages in the Wenchuan earthquake——seismic concept design of buildings

作　　者：王亚勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院工程抗震研究所,北京100013

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2008年第4期20-25,共6页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：建设部<建筑抗震设计规范>(GB50011-2001)修订课题

摘　　要：汶川大地震造成大量房屋建筑破坏倒塌,通过在地震区对遭受中震、大震作用的砌体结构和钢筋混凝土结构以及非结构构件的震害调查与分析,以典型的结构破坏为例,针对多道抗震防线、强柱弱梁、剪力墙连梁、砌体结构整体性、楼梯间、非结构构件等抗震设计问题,对照《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB 50011—2001)所规定的抗震概念设计原则进行讨论,总结经验教训,提出改进建议。震害分析结果表明,只要严格按照规范设计,保证施工质量,房屋建筑就能达到"小震不坏,中震可修,大震不倒"的三水准设防目标。Severe damages and collapses of buildings were caused by the Wenchuan earthquake. Based on the damage data collected in regions suffered moderate to severe earthquake intensities, lessons learnt from the event dealing with the 3- earthquake performance level and seismic concept design issued by the national Code for Seismic Design of Buildings （ GB 50011--2001 ） are summarized. A comparison between the actual damage and the expected damage on the given earthquake level for different structures is carried out. A discussion is made on seismic design of the multi-fortification, strong columnweak beam, link beam of shear walls, integration and ductility of masonry structures, exit ways and staircase of buildings and non-structural elements, etc. Some sugestions for improving the seismic design of structures are also given in this paper. The study on the earthquake damages shows that the ＂three earthquake performance objectives＂ named ＂ no failure for minor earthquake＂, ＂repairable for moderate earthquake＂ and ＂ no collapse for major earthquake＂ can be achieved only if the seismic design of buildings strickly follows the code and the quality of construction is assured.

关 键 词：汶川地震 建筑震害 抗震概念设计 

分 类 号：TU312.3[建筑科学—结构工程] TU318.1