海水附着细菌多样性和群落演替的研究  

Research on diversity and community succession of marine attachment bacteria

作　　者：黄进强[1,2,3] 党宏月[2,3] 李铁刚[3] 黄桂桥[4] 潘鲁青[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,青岛266003 [2]中国石油大学(华东)生物工程与技术中心,青岛266555 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋地质与环境重点实验室,青岛266071 [4]钢铁研究总院青岛海洋腐蚀研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2008年第9期971-978,共8页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40476058);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向(KZCX2-YW-211-03)资助项目

摘　　要：通过细菌16S rRNA 基因(16s rDNA)文库方法研究了1至7天近海浸海玻片附着细菌的多样性和群落演替特征。从1至7天3个基因文库中共筛选了269个克隆、144个有效分类操作单元(OTU)并对其全部测序。16S rDNA 序列系统进化分析发现,这些细菌主要归属于8个细菌门类:变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(α-、γ-和δ-亚群)、拟杆菌门(Bac-teroidetes)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、浮霉菌门(Plancto-mvcetes)、光合细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)。由此可知1周内变形菌门的α-亚群、γ-亚群和拟杆菌门的细菌是常见的附着类群;α-变形菌亚群中的玫瑰杆菌族(Roseobacter clade)是海洋环境中比较常见的早期附着种类;由聚类分析显示3天和7天细菌的群落结构相似。这些实验结果为了解海水附着细菌生物膜形成的演替过程提供了理论基础,并为海水微生物腐蚀控制提供了生物学线索。The bacterial diversity and the community succession characteristics of the marine attachmennt bacteria on the 1-7 day submerged glass surfaces in the Qingdao coastal waters were studied via bacterial 16S rDNA clone library analyses. A total of 144 operational taxonomic units were sequenced from 269 clones of three clone libraries in the period. 16S rDNA sequences phylogenetie analysis indicated that the bacteria fell into 8 major lineages： Proteobacteria （α-, γ-and δ-subdivisions）, Baeteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, Planetomycetes, Cyanobaeteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. The study shows that the α-Proteobaeteria along with the γ-Proteobaeteria and Bacteroidetes within a week form one of the most common primary surface colonizers; the Roseobacter clade bacteria inside the α-Proteobacteria subdivision are ubiquitous colonizers of surfaces in coastal marine environments. The cluster analysis indicates that the 3 days and 7 days microbial assemblages are similar. These results provide the theoretical basis for understanding the successional process of biofilm formation and for finding the strategies for biocorrosion prevention and control in marine environments.

关 键 词：海洋细菌 附着 表面细菌 多样性 演替 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]