基于GIS的流域土地利用/土地覆被分形特征  

Fractal characteristics of regional land use/land cover based on GIS technique

作　　者：沈中原[1] 李占斌[1] 武金慧[1] 李斌斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710048

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第8期63-67,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD09B02);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB407206);西安理工大学优秀博士学位论文基金(207-210010)

摘　　要：该文以西安市浐灞河流域为例,结合遥感数据成图与GIS空间分析建模,开发了流域土地利用/土地覆被斑块形状分维数、空间结构盒维数、空间分布信息维数与区域形态半径维数的计算脚本,并对各种分形维数的特征与意义进行了研究。结果表明:土地利用/土地覆被斑块形状分维数、空间结构盒维数、空间分布信息维数与区域形态半径维数是几种性质不同功能各异的分形维数,四者能够表征土地利用/土地覆被在斑块水平、斑块类型水平以及景观水平3个层次的分形特征;斑块形状分维数体现了不同地类斑块形状的复杂程度及其所受人类活动干扰的强度;空间结构盒维数反映了不同地类空间结构的复杂程度和不规则程度;空间分布信息维数反映了不同地类斑块空间分布的均衡程度;形态半径维数反映了不同地类区域形态针对某一中心点的聚散特征。Based on the geographic information system（GIS） and the remote sensing data, the calculation scripts and significances of patch shape fractal dimensions, spatial structure box dimensions, spatial distribution information dimensions and regional morphology radial dimensions of the regional land use/land cover was studied in this paper, and Chanba river watershed on Xi＇an City was took as an example. The results show that patch shape fractal dimension, spatial structure box dimension, spatial distribution information dimension and regional morphology radial dimension have different form and function to describe the feature and properties of the regional land use/land cover, which can indicate the fractal characteristics of regional land use/land cover in patch-level, class-level and landscape-level. Patch shape fractal dimension can reflect the complexity of patch shape and the jamming intensity of artificial activity for different land types. Spatial structure box dimension can reveal the complexity and irregularity of spatial structure for different land types. Spatial distribution information dimension can mirror the uniformity of spatial distribution for different land types. Regional morphology radial dimension can describe the spatial aggregate feature of regional morphology.

关 键 词：GIS 土地利用/土地覆盖 分形维数 分形特征 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]