生态厕所中不同反应基质的对比研究  

Contrastive Research on Different Reaction Matrix in Bio-toilet

作　　者：晏海峰[1] 高良敏[1] 钱新[2] 陆根法[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2008年第24期10620-10623,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：日本科学技术振兴机构(JST)课题"可持续发展卫生系统的开发及其在水循环中的应用";江苏省自然科学基金课题"新型生态厕所的研制与有机废弃物的资源化技术(BK2004089)"

摘　　要：[目的J筛选适合作高效有机肥的基质。[方法]采用日本研制生产的S-15型生态厕所为实验装置，分别利用木屑与豆秆混合物、纯豆秆和纯稻壳作为反应基质处理人体排泄物，对比研究了反应基质营养元素含量变化和人体粪便的减量化过程。[结果]混合物基质和纯豆秆基质的控温比纯稻壳基质稳定，混合物基质和纯稻壳的含水率维持在40％～60％，pH值在8．0～9．0，比纯豆秆基质符合有机肥料的条件。混合物基质较其他2种基质更能有效地消除臭味，对人类排泄物的降解率高迭钾．7％，温度和含水率的稳定性良好，终产物中DH值8．2，N4．3％，P1．1％，K2．0％，有机物总量76．2％。[结论]木屑与豆秆混合物基质的N、P、K含量丰富，是一种高效的有机肥，具有良好的推广前景。[Objective] The study aimed to screen the matrix suitable to use as the high-effective organic fertilizer. [Method]With the S-15 bio-toilet produced by Japan as the tested installation, the mixture of beanstalk and sawdust, the pure beanstalk and paddy were used as the reactive matrix for treating the human body excreta to comparatively study the changes of nutrition elements in reactive matrix and reduction process of hurrah feces. [ Result ] The mixture and pure beanstalk were more stable than pure paddy on controlling temperature, their water content kept in 40% - 60% and pH in 8.0- 9.0, which more accorded to the condition of becoming organic fertilizer than pure paddy. The mixture could dispel the funk effectively better than the other two matrixes. Its degradation rate for human body excreta reached 97.7%, the stability of temperature and water content maintained was fine, and its pH of final total orgarinc matter was 8.2, N 4.3, P 1.1%, K 2.0%, total organic matter 76.2 %. [ Conclusion ] The mixture matrix of beanstalk and sawdust was rich in N, P, K, so it was a high-effective organic fertilizer and has a good popularization prospect.

关 键 词：生态厕所 人类排泄物 有机肥 混合物基质 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]