对急性白血病化疗患者实行序贯个体人性化护理的探讨  

Practice and evaluation of sequencial individual humanistic nursing on the patients with acute leukemia during chemotherapy

作　　者：李静[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省长治医学院附属和平医院血液内科,046000

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2008年第9期977-979,共3页international journal of nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨对急性白血病化疗患者实行序贯个体人性化护理的意义。方法将2003年9月至2004年12月期间收治的复诊病人共107例，设定为对照组，将2005年1月至2006年12月复诊病人共274例，设定为观察组。对照组病人施行常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上，实行患者档案管理，根据档案资料对再次入院患者进行针对性个体人性化护理。比较两组病人化疗并发症的发生情况。结果1名患者出现两种以下并发症（包括两种）降低了97．3％，出现两种以上并发症降低了70．2％。药物外渗至局部皮肤、组织坏死下降了3．3％；恶心降低了27．1％；呕吐降低了21．8％；口腔溃疡降低了25．1％；鼻出血降低了15．3％；牙龈出血降低了11％；口腔感染降低了19．2％；肛周感染降低了18．5％；肺部感染降低了6．8％。胃肠道出血、颅内出血下降不明显。结论对急性自血病化疗患者实行序贯个体人性化护理，可以更好的体现个体人性化护理，并对减轻并发症症状和降低并发症的发生均有明显影响。Objective To explore the significances of performing sequencial individual humanistic nurs- ing on patients with acute leukemia during chemotherapy. Methods 107 patients readmitted to our department from September, 2003 to December 2004 were selected as the control group, while 274 patients readmitted to our department from January, 2005 to December, 2006 were selected as the observation group. For control group, the patients were provided usual care only, while for the observation group, besides the providing of the usual care, the archives management was carried out, and readmitting patients were provided pertinent individual hu- manistic nursing according to the archive information. We compared the two groups in terms of the occurrence of chemotherapy related complications during chemotherapy. Results The percentage of patients with two complica- tions or less was decreased by 97. 3%, and the percentage of patients with more than two complications was de- creased by 70. 2%. The occurrence of extravasation of the drugs to local skin, tissue necrosis decreased by 3. 3%, nausea by 27. 1%, vomiting by 21.8%, dental ulcer by 25. 1%, haemorrhagia nasalis by 15.3%, gingival bleeding by 11%, oral infection by 19. 2%, erissum infection by 18. 5%, pulmonary infection by 6. 8%. No significant decrease was found in the occurrence of gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage and intracranial hemorrhage. Conclusion Performing sequencial individual humanistic nursing on patients with acute leukemia during chemotherapy better embodies the principles of individual humanistic nursing, and can decrease the occurrence of the complications as well as alleviate the symptoms of the complications obviously.

关 键 词：急性白血病 化疗 个体人性化护理 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]