珠三角典型区域土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)的多元统计分析--以佛山市顺德区为例  

Study on PAHs in Soils of Typical Area in Pearl River Delta,South China-A Case Study from Shunde,Foshan city

作　　者：马瑾[1] 周永章[1] 张天彬[2] 万洪富[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地球科学与地球资源研究中心 [2]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东广州510650

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第5期1747-1751,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国土资源部农业地质与生态地球化学调查项目(基[2005]011-16);广东省科技厅重大专项攻关项目(2004A3030800,2005A30402006,2002C3201);广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(06202438)

摘　　要：选取位于珠江三角洲的佛山市顺德区作为研究对象,分析了该市26个代表性土壤样品中的多环芳烃的含量和组成,并对多环芳烃的来源进行探讨。结果显示,16种优控多环芳烃中有8种100%检出,其余8种也有不同程度的检出,检出率最低的化合物为蒽(7.9%)。在顺德区土壤中多环芳烃含量介于34.0￣341.0μg·kg-1,平均值为169.4μg·kg-1。总体上顺德区土壤PAHs污染程度较轻,仅34.62%的样品受到了轻度污染。通过主成分分析,可以提取出2个主因子,进而推断,PAHs的主要来源是燃烧源,而萘的主要来源是石油源。R型聚类分析可以将除蒽和苊之外的14种PAHs化合物明显分为3类:(1)芴、二苯并[a,h]蒽、二氢苊、萘聚为一类;(2)苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘、苯并[a]蒽聚为一类;(3)茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘、二苯并[a,h]蒽、苯并[b]荧蒽聚为一类,分类结果与PAHs化合物组分按照环数多少以及分子量大小基本一致,反映了多环芳烃在环境行为以及其本身化学性质的差异。The content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons （PAHs）of 26 soil samples collected from Shunde, which located in the Pearl River Delta were analyzed. The results showed that 8 components of PAHs were detected in all soil samples, and other 8 components were also detected in different degrees. The content of PAHs ranged from 34.0 to 341.0 μg·kg^-1 with the mean value of 169.4 μg·kg^-1. Soils in Shunde were polluted by PAHs lightly according to Maliszewska-Kordybach＇s study. It can be confirmed that the increase of PAHs in soil is connected to human activities closely. Principal Component Analysis was used to analysis the origins, and 2 components were extracted. It seemed that PAHs in Shunde were mainly from biomass burning. At last, PAHs componets were classified to 3 sorts through cluster analysis, and the result revealed the differences of environmental behavior and chemic-characters of PAHs.

关 键 词：珠江三角洲 土壤 多环芳烃 持久性有机污染物 来源 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]